I$05=€apiial  €entennlaH905 

1=^74^^  HISTORY  OF  THE  CELEBRATION. 


VERMONT  STATE  HOUSE, MONTPELIER. 


; % 

1 


25c. 


Published  Monthly  by  CHARLES  S.  FORBES,  St.  Albans,  Vermont. 

Entered  at  the  Post  office  in  St.  Alhans  as  second  class  mail  matter. 


grafting  wax. 

^ trWe  *7  ./^ori7  ’il‘ 


THE  CELEBRATION 


OF  THE 

Centennial  of  the  Establishment  of  the 
Capital  of  Vermont  at  Montpelier 
October  4,  1905 


1IllU9trate& 


BY  CHARLES  S.  FORBES 


THE  STATE  HOUSE 

Uejorated  for  the  Centennial  Celebration. 


:5  JACKSOW 


V ,.^.\.»A 

The  Vermonter. 

1805  MONTPELIER  CENTENNIAL  EDITION.  1905 


Centennial  of  the  State  Capital. 


Bv  Charles  S.  Forbes. 


A Vermont  occupies  an  important  place  in 
American  history.  Her  territory  was  dis- 
covered and  visited  by  a white  explorer  a decade 
before  the  pilgrims  founded  a colony  at  Ply- 
mouth. A civilized  settlement  was  established 
on  the  soil  of  Vermont  more  than  a hundred 
years  previous  to  the  commencement  of  the 
Revolutionary  War.  The  first  blood  shed  in  the 
Revolution  crimsoned  the  ground  within  the 
borders  of  the  New  Hampshire  Grants. 

The  “Green  Mountain  Boys”  captured  the 
first  British  fortress  on  the  American  continent 
in  the  first  war  with  England.  Vermont  was 
the  first  Republic  founded  in  the  new  world. 
She  was  the  only  independent  State  during  the 
period  of  the  Revolution.  The  “embattled 
farmers”  of  the  Green  Mountains  fought  with 
Stark  at  Bennington  and  shared  in  the  glory 
of  the  victory  over  the  army  of  General  Baum. 
Vermont  built  war  vessels  for  two  American 
fleets  on  Lake  Champlain,  and  furnished 
sailors  to  man  them  in  battles  during  the  first 
and  second  wars  with  England.  The  heroism 
and  gallantry  of  Vermont  soldiers  and  sailors 
in  the  Civil  War  and  also  in  the  Spanish  War 
are  recorded  in  the  annals  of  history  and  re- 
main a never  fading  memory  in  the  hearts  of 
her  people.  “Gettysburg,”  “Cedar  Creek,” 
“Manila  Bay”  and  “Santiago”  are  but  a few 
of  the  battle  names  set  in  the  coronet  of  vic- 
tories in  which  the  sons  of  Vermont  rendered 
conspicuous  service  for  country  and  for  home. 

No  state  has  a greater  number  of  important 
historical  events  in  its  annals  than  V^erniont. 
Anniversary  days  commemorative  of  some 
great  civil  or  military  event  come  and  go  with 
significant  frequency.  The  tercentenary  of  the 
discovery  of  Lake  Champlain  and  Vermont  by 
Samuel  de  Champlain,  in  1609,  is  not  far  dis- 
tant. The  24olh  anniversary  of  the  building 
of  Fort  St.  Anne,. by  the  French,  on  Isle  La 


Motte,  in  1666,  is  at  hand.  The  centennial 
anniversary  of  the  founding  of  the  State  was 
celebrated  in  1877.  The  one  hundredth  anni- 
versary of  the  admission  of  Vermont  into  the 
Union  was  celebrated  in  1891.  These  are  but 
a few  important  events  in  Vermont  history. 
The  anniversary  of  some  of  these  have  been 
appropriately  commemorated. 

Vermont  was  a State  nearly  30  years  before 
it  had  a permanent  seat  of  government.  The 
legislature  met  annually,  and  sometimes  often- 
er,  at  divers  places.  It  was  a wandering 
“Capital”  that  the  members  of  the  General 
Assembly  resorted  to  periodically  from  1778 
to  1807.  Finally  in  1805,  after  honoring  many 
towns  by  meeting  within  its  borders  the 
legislature  decided  to  select  a permanent  site 
for  its  sessions. 

The  Capital  was  by  act  of  the  Legislature 
of  1805  established  at  Montpelier.  It  was  an 
event  second  only  in  importance  to  the  found- 
ing of  the  State.  The  permanency  of  the 
seat  of  the  legislature  gave  dignity  and  stabil- 
ity to  the  vState  government  from  the  time 
the  first  State  Hou.se  was  occupied,  in  1808. 

The  town  of  Montpelier  built  in  1806-07  the 
first  State  House  in  which  the  legislature  con- 
vened. The  first  capitol,  a somewhat  primi- 
tive structure  built  of  wood,  was  replaced  in 
1836  by  a house  of  classic  architecture,  made 
of  Barre  granite.  This  building  was  destroy- 
ed by  fire  in  1857,  but  was  rebuilt  of  granite 
in  substantially  the  same  style  the  following 
year  and  occupied  for  the  first  time  at  the  leg- 
islative session  of  1859.  The  library  annex 
was  built  in  1886. 

The  readers  of  The  Vermonter  are  familiar 
with  the  general  appearance  of  the  exterior  of 
the  present  State  House  as  well  as  the  detail 
of  its  interior.  Hence  no  description  of  the 
capitol  building  will  be  given  in  this  article. 


4 


CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  STATE  CAPITAL 


Suffice  it  to  say  that  the  Vermont  State  House 
is  one  of  the  finest  specimens  of  classic  archi- 
tecture in  America.  The  exceptional  beauty 
of  the  edifice  is  remarked  by  all  strangers  visit- 
ing Montpelier.  To  all  Vermonters  it  gives 
an  impression  of  being  an  imposing  and  hand- 
some structure. 

The  history  of  the  founding  and  growth  of 
Montpelier  and  the  story  of  the  establishment 
of  the  State  capital  and  the  building  of  a trio 
of  State  Houses  is  comprehensively  told  in  the 
admirable  centennial  oration  of  Hon.  Joseph 
A.  De  Boer.  The  obligation  devolving  upon 
the  writer,  therefore,  is  to  record  the  centen- 


period  and  Vermont  and  Vermonters  have  done 
their  share  in  the  upbuilding  of  the  State  and 
nation  during  these  eventful  3'ears. 

At  this  political  Mecca  of  the  Green  Moun- 
tain State  have  assembled  annually  or  bien- 
nially for  practically  a century  the  chosen 
representatives  of  the  freemen  of  our  towns 
and  cities  to  make  laws  and  transact  public 
business.  In  the  legislative  halls  of  the  capi- 
tol  have  frequently  been  heard  the  wisdom 
and  eloquence  of  Vermont’s  greatest  states- 
men and  political  leaders.  The  record  of  the 
years  show  that  many  patriotic  measures  have 
been  adopted  and  numerous  wise  laws  enacted 


Photo  h/i  Corse.  STATE  STREET  FROM  MAIN. 


nial  commemoration  of  the  establishment  of 
the  capital  at  Montpelier,  in  1805. 

A century  looks  down  upon  the  Capital  of 
the  Green  Mountain  State.  When  Montpelier 
became  the  Capital  of  Vermont  there  were  but 
sixteen  other  capital  cities  in  the  United 
States.  Vermont  was  then  the  seventeenth 
State  in  the  Union  in  point  of  age.  Since 
1805  the  number  of  states  and  capital  cities, 
not  counting  dual  capitals,  has  been  increased 
by  twenty-eight.  Hence  in  years  the  capital 
of  Vermont  is  one  of  the  older  of  the  forty- five 
State  capitals. 

What  memories  come  floating  down  through 
the  century  of  time  since  Governor  Isaac  Tich- 
enor  sat  in  the  executive  chair  of  the  State. 
The  hundred  years  have  been  a history  making 


by  the  members  of  the  General  Assembly" 
since  the  establishment  of  the  Capital  at  Mont- 
pelier. Many  historical  occasions  have  been 
commemorated  within  the  walls  of  the  State 
House. 

In  selecting  Montpelier  as  the  Capital  of  the 
State  the  legislature  of  1805  acted  wiselj’^  and 
well.  Time  has  demonstrated  the  advantages 
of  the  location  of  the  Capital  at  the  geographi- 
cal center  of  the  State.  Its  accessibility  to  all 
the  people  of  the  State,  coming  as  they  do 
from  every  section,  is  generally  recognized. 

Nowhere  in  Vermont  is  there  a more  public 
spirited  and  hospitable  community  than  that 
comprising  Montpelier.  Thrice  within  a cen- 
tury have  its  people  given  most  freely  and 
liberally  of  their  resources  for  the  construction 


CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  STATE  CAPITAL 


of  a capitol  building.  The  present  handsome 
and  substantial  State  House  is  a grand  monu- 
ment to  their  enterprise  and  generosity. 

The  credit  for  the  successful  centennial 
celebration  of  October  4,  1905,  is  due  entirely 
to  Montpelier,  as  the  State  made  no  appropria- 
tion for  celebrating  the  event.  In  the  ab- 
sense  of  any  action  by  the  Legislature  for  the 
observance  of  the  anniversary  day  the  people 
of  the  Capital  promptly  came  to  the  front  and 
decided  to  have  a commemorative  celebra- 
tion. The  initiative  steps  'were  taken  at  the 
annual  city  meeting  held  March  7,  when  the 
following  resolution  presented  by  former 


of  the  citizens  was  called  by  the  city  council, 
at  which  a special  committee  comprising  J.  W. 
Brock,  F.  A.  Howland  and  A.  J.  Sibley  was 
appointed  to  confer  with  the  mayor  and  city 
council  and  to  report  a list  of  names  for  an 
executive  committee,  to  a future  meeting  of 
the  citizens. 

On  June  14  this  special  committee  reported, 
recommended,  and  the  citizens’  meeting  elected 
an  executive  committee  as  follows  : 

Mayor  F.  M.  Corry,  ex-officio,  C.  P.  Pitkin, 
Fred  E.  Smith,  O.  D.  Clark,  J.  A.  DeBoer, 
George  L.  Blanchard,  J.  H.  Senter,  L.  B.  Cross, 
A.  J.  Sibley,  J.  G.  Brown,  B.  F.  Fifield, 


Photo  by  Corse.  A VIEW  ON  MAIN  STREET. 


Mayor  John  H.  Senter  was  unanimously 
adopted : 

“Whereas  100  years  have  passed  away  since 
the  Capital  of  the  State  of  Vermont  was  estab- 
lished in  Montpelier,  and  it  seems  proper  that 
this  city  should  take  cognizance  of  that  fact, 
and  should  observe  in  fitting  manner  this 
notable  anniversary.  Therefore  be  it  resolved, 
that  the  city  council  is  hereby  instructed  to 
arrange  for  a suitable  recognition  of  this  me- 
morable event,  and  for  such  purpose  hereby  is 
authorized  to  expend  not  to  exceed  $10,000.  ” 

During  the  early  part  of  June  the  fir.st 
definite  steps  were  taken  towards  laying  plans 
and  setting  the  machinery  in  motion  that 
would  bring  about  the  celebration.  A meeting 


G.  O.  vStratton.  G.  W.  Wing,  H.  W.  Kemp, 
J.  M.  Boutwell,  A.  D.  Farwell,  O.  H.  Richard- 
son, F.  E.  vSteele,  INI.  W.  Wheelock. 

Into  the  hands  of  this  committee  the  entire 
matter  of  arranging  the  celebration  was  placed. 
The  committee  organized  by  the  election  of 
C.  P.  Pitkin  as  chairman,  and  O.  D.  Clark  as 
secretary,  and  A.  D.  P'arwell  as  treasurer. 

Subsequent  to  this  meeting,  the  executive 
committee  appointed  a sub-committee  consist- 
ing of  Hon.  Joseph  A.  DeBoer,  A.  J.  Sibley 
and  G.  L.  Blanchard  to  prepare  and  submit 
an  outline  plan  for  the  centennial  celebration. 
On  June  24  the  sub- committee  reported,  and 
the  programme  was  the  result  of  its  deliber- 
ations. 


6 


CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  STATE  CAPITx\L 


The  meeting  of  June  24  saw  also  the  ap- 
pointment of  sub-committees  by  the  executive 
committee.  The  nature  and  membership  was  as 
follows  ; 

Finance  Committee — A.  J.  Sibley,  chairman; 
Charles  Dewey,  Fred  Blanchard,  B.  F.  Fifield, 
Albert  W.  Ferrin,  W.  E.  Adams,  T.  J.  Deavitt, 
Edward  D.  Hyde,  F.  W.  Morse,  E.  H.  Deavitt, 
Clark  King. 

Committee  on  Speakers — H.  \V.  Kemp, 
chairman  ; J.  Edward  Wright,  J.  H.  Senter, 
F.  A.  Howland,  George  Atkins,  F.  L.  Laird, 
W.  E.  Ranger,  Hiram  Carleton,  William  A. 


Committee  on  Music — C.  P.  Pitkin,  chair- 
man; T.  R.  Merrill,  George  H.  Wilder, 
Charles  F.  Lowe,  James  B.  Estee,  A.  C.  Blan- 
chard, William  E.  Harlow,  John  W.  Peck,  F. 
A.  Sherburne,  James  T.  vSabin. 

Committee  on  Printing  and  Publicity — C. 
A.  G.  Jackson,  chairman;  Geo.  W.  Wing, 
William  T.  Dewe}',  Frank  Howe,  Dr.  C.  E. 
Chandler,  Charles  F.  Buswell,  E.  D.  Field, 
Edward  A.  Nutt,  Dean  Edson,  S.  S.  Ballard, 
H.  C.  Shurtleff,  Alexander  Broadfoot. 

Committee  on  Transportation — B.  B.  Bailey, 
chairman;  L.  P.  Gleason,  J.  G.  Farwell,  M.  E. 


LOOKING  UP  -MAIN  STREET. 


Photo  hi/  Corsp. 

Lord,  E.  A.  Bishop,  J.  A.  DeBoer,  Janies  S. 
Haley. 

Committee  on  Militar}’  and  Civic  Parade — 
O.  D.  Clark,  chairman  ; A.  G.  Eaton,  W. 
A.  Pettee,  Clarence  H.  Senter.  P'red  Thomas, 
John  Burgen,  Jesse  S.  \dles,  A.  C.  Brown,  C. 
D.  iSIather,  Charles  H.  Heaton,  Julius  Volholm, 
L.  Bart  Cross,  Fred  Connor  and  John  O. 
Adams. 

Committee  on  Decorations  and  Fireworks — 
James  W.  Brock,  chairman  ; Arthur  D.  Far- 
well,  H.  M.  Cutler,  H.  J.  Gutchell,  Joseph  G. 
Brown,  R.  C.  Bowers,  H.  J.  M.  Jones.  J.  M. 
Boutwell,  L.  B.  Brooks,  George  1^.  Blanchard, 
George  B.  Walton,  E.  P.  Coleman,  Levi  Bix- 
by,  F.  I..  Pratt,  ¥.  R.  Dawley,  Clark  B-  Ro- 
berts. 


Smilie,  Henry  Holt,  Robert  AVhelan,  D.  F. 
Ryle,  F.  A.  Dwinell,  Albert  Johonott,  H.  E. 
Fifield,  John  Emmons,  Jr,  J.  P.  Galleher. 

Committee  on  Entertainment — George  K. 
Putnam,  chairman;  J.  E.  Bailey,  Richard  H. 
Standish,  Paul  Dillingham,  James  Kelleher, 
Redfield  T.  Phillips,  John  Flanagan,  E.  M. 
Harvey,  Clifton  M.  Heaton,  George  C.  Bai- 
lee', J.  Eli  Goodenongh. 

The  Centennial  observance  commemorative 
of  the  establishment  of  the  Capital  at  Mont- 
pelier has  passed  into  history  as  one  of  the 
greatest  and  most  successful  celebrations  that 
Vermont  ever  witnessed.  The  occasion  was 
deserving  of  the  recognition  it  received  from 
the  30,000  or  more  lo^'al  Vermonters  present 
from  outside  the  borders  of  Montpelier.  The 


CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  STATE  CAPITAL 


members  of  the  different  local  committees  are 
to  be  congratulated  on  the  complete  arrange- 
ments made  for  the  celebration  as  well  as  for 
the  admirable  manner  in  which  the}’  were 
carried  out.  The  citizens  of  Montpelier  are 
deserving  of  much  praise  for  their  liberal  ap- 
propriation of  money  for  the  celebration  and 
also  for  the  attractiveness  of  the  decorations 
everywhere  displayed.  The  display  of  bunt- 
ing, flags  and  patriotic  emblems  was  exten- 
sive and  elaborate,  nearly  every  private  resi- 
dence and  business  block  being  decorated. 
The  Centennial  ball  on  the  eve  of  the  celebra- 
tion was  a brilliant  social  affair  and  a fitting 
prelude  to  the  events  of  the  following  day. 


music  furnished  by  the  different  bands  during 
the  day  and  evening.  The  band  concerts  were 
especially  fine.  The  electrical  displays  on  the 
State  House,  the  Pavilion  and  on  other  build- 
ings were  novel  and  elaborate,  and  attracted 
much  attention.  The  extensive  and  beautiful 
exhibition  of  fireworks  on  the  Langdon 
meadow  formed  a fitting  climax  to  a grand 
celebration. 

THE  CENTENNIAL  BALL. 

The  Centennial  ball  at  Armory  hall  on  the 
evening  of  October  3,  was  a fitting  and  auspi- 
cious opening  of  the  anniversary  celebration 
on  the  following  day.  The  hall  was  beauti- 


Photo  hy  W.  B.  Stratton.  u.  S.  CAVALRY  FROM  FORT  ETHAN  ALLEN. 


The  historical  exercises  at  Armory  Hall  on 
the  morning  of  centennial  day  were  impres- 
sive and  memorable.  The  Centennial  address 
by  Hon.  Joseph  A.  DeBoer  was  worthy  of  the 
occasion  and  one  of  the  best  efforts  of  the 
gifted  orator.  The  Centennial  parade  was  of 
an  imposing  order  and  its  varied  and  pictur- 
esque character  has  seldom,  if  ever,  been  sur- 
passed on  any  previous  occasion  in  Vermont. 

The  legislative  reunion  in  the  afternoon  at 
Armory  Hall  was  a noteworthy  feature  of  the 
day,  and  the  reminiscences  related  by  repre- 
sentative legislators  present  were  very  inter- 
esting. The  singing  of  the  male  chorus  under 
the  direction  of  Prof.  A.  J.  Phillips  at  Armory 
hall  deserves  particular  commendation.  A 
delightful  feature  of  the  celebration  was  the 


fully  decorated  with  soft  tinted  green  and 
white  bunting  gracefully  festooned.  Other 
attractive  decorations  were  the  National  colors 
in  flag  effects.  At  the  front  of  the  hall  was 
suspended  an  artistic  blue  panel  on  which  ap- 
peared in  gold  letters  “1805  Centennial  Ball 
1905.”  The  walls  were  hung  with  Japanese 
and  muriel  panels.  The  refreshment  room  on 
the  second  floor  was  prettily  decorated  in  pink 
and  green  colors,  with  foliage,  plants  and 
flowers  in  profusion  on  all  sides.  The  decorat- 
ing in  this  room  was  done  by  a committee  of 
young  ladies,  of  which  Miss  Florence  Corry 
was  chairman.  The  stage  was  a bower  of 
ferns  and  potted  plants.  It  was  occupied  by 
Wilder’s  orchestra  of  14  pieces,  w’hich  furnish- 
ed splendid  music  for  the  occasion. 


8 


CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  STATE  CAPITAL 


The  grand  march  was  “Montpelier  Centen- 
nial,” an  invigorating  composition  written 
especially  for  the  occasion  by  George  H. 
Wilder.  The  dance  programme  contained  six- 
teen numbers,  waltzes,  two-steps,  a five-step, 
a plain  quadrille,  Virginia  reel  and  Portland 
fancy. 

Some  loo  couples  participated  in  the  grand 
march.  Col.  O.  D.  Clark  and  Captain  A.  G. 
Eaton  were  the  marshals.  The  march  was 
led  by  Governor  C.  J.  and  Mrs.  Bell,  followed 
by  Adjutant- General  W.  H.  Gilmore  and  Mrs. 
Gilmore,  Judge  Advocate- General  N.  G.  Wil- 


Brattleboro.  The  leading  society  people  of 
Montpelier  were  represented  in  large  numbers. 
Many  handsome  gowns  were  worn  by  the 
ladies.  Dainty  refreshments  were  served  dur- 
ing the  evening  by  a committee  of  ladies  un- 
der the  charge  of  Mrs.  G.  K.  Putnam.  The 
punch  table  was  in  charge  of  Mrs.  A.  W.  Fer- 
rin.  The  ball  was  a brilliant  aftair  and  a pro- 
nounced success.  It  was  given  under  the 
auspices  and  management  of  the  Centennial 
Ball  Association,  of  which  Mrs.  F.  M.  Corry 
was  president  and  Mrs.  J.  A.  DeBoer,  chair- 
man. 


Photo  hy  E.  li.  Etaisted  UNITED  STATES  CAVALRY  BAND. 


Hams  and  Miss  Williams,  Col.  C.  W.  Scarff 
and  Miss  Adine  Bell,  Major  Wilbur  F.  Wilder, 
U.  S.  A.,  and  Miss  Jennie  Bell,  Surgeon-Gen- 
eral W.  E.  Putnam  and  Mrs.  Putnam,  Col.  M. 
B.  Roberts  and  Mrs.  Roberts,  Col.  Nelson  A. 
Dole  and  Mrs.  Dole,  Col.  PTanklin  S.  Billings 
and  Mrs.  Billings  and  Col.  IMerton  D.  Wells 
and  Mrs.  Wells. 

Among  other  prominent  persons  in  atten- 
dance at  the  Centennial  ball  were  Mayor  Frank 
M.  Corry  and  Mrs.  Corry  of  Montpelier,  Major 
H.  W.  Hovey,  U.  S.  A.,  and  Mrs.  Hovey, 
Hon.  James  L.  Martin  and  Mrs.  Martin  of 
Brattleboro ; Hon.  George  Aitken  and  Miss 
Aitken,  of  Woodstock,  Hon.  Frederick  G. 
Fleetwood  of  Morrisville,  Hon.  John  L.  Bacon 
of  Hartford  and  Hon.  George  W.  Pierce  of 


THE  celebration. 

Capital  Centennial  day  was  ushered  in  with 
a sunrise  salute  of  eighteen  guns  by  Norwich 
University  Cadets  and  reveille  sounded  from 
the  bugles  of  United  States  regulars. 

The  bending  arches  of  the  skies  were  bright 
and  blue  and  old  Sol  smiled  with  rare  efful- 
gence upon  the  scene  of  the  celebration.  Na- 
ture in  her  brilliant-hued  forests  on  the  hills 
vied  with  man’s  decorative  handiwork  display- 
ed within  the  gates  of  the  Capital  City.  Mont- 
pelier was  literally  embowered  in  bunting  and 
flags  and  emblems  of  patriotism.  Portraits 
were  spread  on  the  broad  walls  of  some  of 
the  larsre  buildings,  likenesses  of  some  of 
the  great  men  of  the  State  and  Nation.  The 


CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  STATE  CAPITAL 


9 


entire  length  of  State,  Main  and  many  other 
streets  were  gaily  decorated  with  cross  arms 
and  streamers  of  red,  white  and  blue.  The 
decorations  were  so  general  and  extensive 
throughout  the  city  that  any  detailed  descrip- 
tion would  include  nearly  every  residence  and 
business  block  in  INIontpelier.  The  illustra- 
tions appearing  in  this  history  will  give  our 
readers  something  of  an  idea  of  the  artistic 
character  as  well  as  the  extent  of  the  decora- 
tions. These  views  are  representative  of  the 
decorative  features  of  the  celebration. 

The  crowning  gem  in  the  galaxy  of  decorat- 
ed buildings  was  the  State  House.  From 
the  statue  of  Ceres  on  the  dome  to  the 


tions  and  followed  the  outlines  of  the  noble 
structure.  The  glow  of  a myriad  of  electric 
lights  made  a scene  of  matchless  splendor  at 
night.  Illuminated  fountains  in  colors  on  the 
State  House  grounds  added  to  the  brilliancy  of 
the  night  scene. 

But  to  return  to  the  scenes  of  early  morning. 
The  latchstring  of  Montpelier  had  been  out 
for  several  days  preceding  the  celebration  and 
the  freedom  of  the  city  had  been  enjoyed  by 
many  visitors  before  the  eventful  fourth  of 
October.  But  the  Capital  saw  another  sight 
as  the  “Vermonters  .come  down”  from  the 
hillsides  and  valleys  of  the  Green  Mountain 
State.  The  incoming  regular  and  special  pass- 


rholo  hy  K.  11.  rhiisted  UNI  TED  STATl.S  ARTIEIJ-RV  FROM  FORT  ETHAN  AFFEN. 


foundation  walls  the  immense  structure  was 
one  mass  of  color,  skillfully  blended  into  a 
harmonious  scheme.  A series  of  arches  cov- 
ered with  bunting  formed  the  base  of  the 
dome’s  curve.  The  roof  line  was  marked  by 
the  same  material.  The  right  and  left  wings 
bore  double  concentric  festoons,  while  in  the 
center  was  the  flag-framed  coat  of  arms  of  Ver- 
mont. The  State  seal  was  also  seen  peeping 
from  a mass  of  bunting  over  the  main  en- 
trance. The  massive  white  pillars  of  the 
porch  were  covered  with  a rich  crimson  cloth 
around  which  were  twined  ropes  of  the  beauti- 
ful laurel,  fresh  and  green. 

Beautiful  as  was  the  capitol  building  by  day- 
light it  was  far  more  attractive  in  the  darkness 
of  the  night.  Thousands  of  incandescent 
lights  were  placed  in  the  folds  of  the  decora- 


enger  trains  over  the  Central  Vermont  and 
the  Montpelier  and  Wells  River  railways  were 
laden  to  the  limit  of  the  coaches.  Thousands 
of  people  arrived  at  the  Capital  by  private  con- 
veyances; in  carriages,  wagons  and  automo- 
biles. The  Montpelier  and  Barre  electric  road 
brought  thousands  more.  The  crowd  filled  the 
principal  streets  and  thronged  other  thorough- 
fares. It  was  a vast  assemblage  of  intelligent, 
patriotic  and  loyal  Vermont  men  and  women. 

The  freedom  of  the  city  was  not  abused  the 
live  long  day  by  any  one  of  the  visiting 
thousands  on  this  centennial  occasion. 

The  opening  band  concert  of  the  day  was 
given  in  front  of  Armory  hall  by  the  Mont- 
pelier Military  band  and  delighted  a large 
crowd.  At  the  same  time  fine  concerts  were 
given  in  the  vState  street  stand  by  Sherman’s 


10 


CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  STATE  CAPITAL 


Military  band  of  Burlington  and  the  Ver- 
gennes  city  band.  IMeanwhile  the  people  were 
gathering  at  Armorj'  hall  for  the  historical 
exercises  of  the  day.  The  beautifully  decorat- 
ed hall,  elsewhere  described,  was  filled  to  its 
fullest  capacity  when  the  exercises  began. 

Seated  upon  the  platform  were  many  dis- 
tinguished Vermonters.  Among  the  number 
were  Oovernor  Charles  J.  Bell,  Senator  Red- 
field  Proctor,  Senator  Wm.  P.  Dillingham, 
Congressman  Kittredge  Haskins,  Ex-Governor 
John  E.  Barstow,  Ex-Governor  E.  J.  Ormsbee, 
Ex-Governor  Edward  C.  Smith,  Ex-Governor 
Wm.  W.  Stickney,  Lieutenant  Governor 


C.  Fitts,  State  Superintendent  of  Education 
Mason  S.  Stone,  Inspector  of  Finance  L.  A. 
Cobb,  State  Tax  Commissioner  J.  E.  Cush- 
man, State  Highway  Commissioner  C.  W. 
Gates,  Railroad  Commissioners  Fuller  C. 
vSmith,  Henry  S.  Bingham  and  George  T. 
Howard,  F'ish  and  Game  Commissioner 
Henry  G.  Thomas,  Dr.  Charles  S.  Caverly, 
Dr.  H.  D.  Holton  and  Dr.  T.  R.  Stiles  of  the 
State  Board  of  Health. 

Among  federal  ofiScials  present  were  District 
Attornej^  James  L.  Martin,  Marshal  Horace 
W.  Bailey,  Bank  Examiner  Frank  L.  Fish, 
and  Collector  of  Customs  Olin  Merrill. 


Photo  bii  Stratton  MONTPKLIKK  MILITARY  BAND  AND  THE  VERMONT  NATIONAL  GUARD. 


Charles  H.  Stearns,  Ex  Lieutenant  Governor 
Z.  M.  Mansur,  Ex-Lieutenant  Governor  N.  W. 
Fisk,  Ex-Lieutenant  Governor  M.  F.  Allen, 
Ex-Lieutenant  Governor  Zed  S.  Stanton  ; Ser- 
geant at-Arms  J.  W.  Brock,  Adjutant  and 
Quartermaster  General  Wm.  H.  Gilmore, 
Judge  Advocate  General  N.  G.  Williams,  Sur- 
geon General  W.  E.  Putnam,  and  Col.  M.  B. 
Roberts,  Col.  C.  W.  Scarff,  Col.  Frederick 
Billings,  Col.  M.  D.  Wells  and  Col.  Nelson  A. 
Dole  of  the  staff  of  Governor  Bell  ; Secretary 
of  State  Frederick  G.  Fleetwood,  Ex-Secretary 
of  State  C.  W.  Brownell,  Ex-Secretary  of  State 
F.  A.  Howland,  State  Treasurer  John  L.  Bacon, 
Ex-State  Treasurer  Wm.  H.  Du  Bois,  State 
Auditor  Horace  P'.  Graham,  Ex -State  Auditor 
E.  Henry  Powell,  Ex-State  Auditor,  F'.  D. 
Hale,  Ex -Speaker  Fletcher  D.  Proctor,  Clerk, 
Thomas  C.  Cheney,  Attorney-General  Clark 


Among  other  distinguished  Vermonters  pre- 
sent was  Rear-Admiral  Charles  E.  Clark,  U. 
S.  N.  (retired.) 

The  orator  of  the  day,  Hon.  Joseph  A.  De 
Boer,  and  Mayor  Frank  M.  Corry  of  Montpel- 
ier occupied  the  center  of  the  platform.  Mayor 
Corry  presided  at  the  Armory  hall  meeting. 

The  Montpelier  Military  band  opened  the 
exercises  with  the  overture  to  Thalia  by  Men- 
delssohn. Rev.  J.  Edward  Wright,  pastor  of 
the  Church  of  the  Messiah,  then  offered  the 
following  prayer; 

“ O God,  our  Father,  and  our  fathers’  God! 
Centuries  may  come  and  go,  and  generations 
rise  and  fall,  but  Thou  art  from  everlasting  to 
everlasting,  eternally  the  same.  In  the  midst 
of  our  rejoicings  we  would  reverently  look  to 
Thee.  While  we  recount  the  deeds  of  our  an- 
cestors, and  honor  departed  worth,  we  would 


CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  STATE  CAPITAL 


11 


remember  what  Thou  has  done  for  us.  Some 
have  planted,  and  others  have  watered,  but  it 
was  Thou  who  gavest  the  increase.  Except 
the  Lord  had  built  the  city,  they  had  labored 
in  vain  who  built  it. 

We  read  the  records  of  the  past,  we  listen  to 
the  utterances  of  the  present, — but  now  we 
would  await  Thy  word  ; we  would  give  heed  to 
Thy  voice.  Tell  us  once  more,  we  entreat  Thee, 
what  is  of  chief  worth.  Speak  to  us  the  lan- 
guage of  eternity.  Convince  us  of  the  things 
of  the  Spirit.  Make  plain  to  us,  who  yet  have 
work  to  do,  the  path  in  which  we  should  walk. 
Inspire  us  with  noble  ambitions.  Quicken  in 
us  a sense  of  duty  to  those  who  may  come  after 
us.  Fill  us  with  zeal  for  the  establishment  of 


bration.  The  city  rejoices  in  the  one  hun- 
dredth anniversar}’ of  the  establishment  of  the 
State  House  in  this  city.  No  event  of  such 
importance  has  taken  place  in  Montpelier 
within  one  hundred  years. 

On  this  stage  to  day  are  many  of  the  repre- 
sentative men  of  our  State,  gathered  here  on 
the  invitation  of  our  citizens  to  help  us  cele- 
brate this  grand  event.  This  is  not  a Montpelier 
celebration;  it  is  a State  celebration,  and  I 
thank  you,  ladies  and  gentlemen,  for  coming 
here  to-day  and  helping  us  to  celebrate. 
Without  your  co-operation  it  would  not  be  a 
success. 

I notice  that  around  this  hall  we  have  a 
great  many  of  our  Vermonters  on  canvas 


riaisted^^^^^  ALLEN  CO.  NO.  I,  ALGONQUIN  TRIBE,  I.  O.  R.  M.,  ST.  JOHNSBURY. 

better  conditions  than  those  we  have  inherited. 

Make  us  freshly  conscious  of  the  glorious 
privilege  we  share  in  being  laborers  together 
with  our  God.  Thus  may  we,  in  our  day  and 
generation,  and  in  this  city  of  our  love,  do 
something  for  the  fulfillment  of  our  Master’s 
prayer, — “Thy  Kingdom  come.”  For  Thine 
is  the  Kingdom,  and  Thine  is  the  power,  and 
to  Thee  shall  be  the  glory,  evermore.  Amen.  ” 

The  male  chorus  then  sang  “To  Thee, 

Oh  Country.” 

ADDRESS  OF  WELCOME  BY  MAYOR  CORRY. 

Ladies  and  gentlemen.  His  Excellency, 

Governor  Bell  ; Admiral  Clark  ; our  United 
States’  vSenators: — In  behalf  of  our  city  I ex- 
tend to  you  a hearty  greeting. 

Our  whole  city  rejoices  in  this  grand  cele- 


We  have  some  in  the  flesh.  We  have  Our 
Admiral  Clark  with  us  to-day  (Applause.) 
We  would  like  to  have  had  Admiral  Dewey, 
but  it  was  not  to  be.  You  have  heard  the 
voices  of  the  cannons  this  morning;  you  will 
also  hear  the  ringing  of  the  bells,  and  one  ot 
the  best  bells  that  is  rung  all  over  the  State 
is  Charles  J.  Bell,  His  Excellency,  whom  I in- 
troduce to  you  to-day.  (Applause.) 

GOVERNOR  bell’s  SPEECH. 

Mr.  Mayor,  Admiral  Clark,  Gentlemen  (ad- 
dressing Senators  Proctor  and  Dillingham), 
ladies  and  gentlemen: 

There  is  one  thing  that  I very  much  regret 
this  morning.  Thirty-five  years  ago  to-day  I 
drove  into  Montpelier  with  my  bride;  I wish 
it  had  been  just  sixty-five  years  more  so  that 


12 


CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  STATE  CAPITAL 


I could  have  celebrated  my  hundredth  anni- 
versary with  this  celebration  of  to-day.  (Ap- 
plause.) 

I certainly  am  proud  and  delighted  to  come 
before  you  this  autumn  morning.  One  driv- 
ing through  Grand  Old  Vermont  yesterday  or 
to-day,  with  the  picture  that  every  forest  is 
displaying,  sees  something  that  will  make 
him  love  his  country  if  anything  will;  a 
picture  men  and  women  may  travel  the  world 
over  and  not  see  equalled;  a picture  that  one 
will  love  and  remember  and  revere;  a picture 
that  will  make  men  and  women  grow  nobler, 
and  better  year  by  year. 


late,  that  is,  as  well  as  they  do  now.  I pre- 
sume that  they  did  not  adjourn  Friday  noon 
and  go  home  over  Sunday.  The  legislature 
convened  for  the  week,  and  rested  over  Sunday 
and  attended  church  in  Montpelier,  and  when 
their  duties  were  over  returned  to  their  homes 
and  reported  to  their  constituents.  The  tele- 
graph, the  telephone,  the  daily  paper  were 
then  unknown,  and  I hardly  know — they  must 
have  been  the  best  of  men  else  they  could  not 
have  legislated  intelligently  for  their  constitu- 
ents; they  could  not  have  been  reminded  of 
their  duty  as  frequently  as  now. 

Vermont  legislatures  have  always  been  hon- 


Photo  hjj  E.  It.  Plaisted  BATTALION  OF  NORWICH  UNIVERSITY  CADETS. 


I am  glad  to  come  before  you  this  morning 
on  this  occasion,  to  celebrate  our  one  hun- 
dredth anniversary  of  the  State  Capital.  One 
hundred  years  ago  we  did  not  know  so  much 
about  what  Vermont  would  amount  to  as  we 
know  to-day.  Of  course,  with  the  record  of 
Ethan  Allen  and  the  soldiers  of  his  day,  we 
knew  that  it  would  amount  to  something. 
Vermont  started  early  to  vote.  One  hundred 
years  ago,  with  all  her  forests,  there  were  two 
hundred  and  five  towns  represented  in  the 
legislature.  I notice  that  some  of  them  came 
down  to  the  legislature  with  not  so  large  a 
vote  as  they  have  now.  They  had  just  as 
large  a majority,  but  not  so  large  a vote. 
They  started  the  week  before,  some  on  horse- 
back, some  on  foot;  didn’t  even  bring  the 
ladies  with  them;  didn’t  knowhow  to  legis- 


est;  they  have  a proud  record  in  this  particu- 
lar. Where  have  you  such  men  as  have  been 
named  here  this  morning  ? And  the  record  of 
Vermont  is  a proud  record.  Why,  one  hun- 
dred years  ago,  my  friends,  the  legislature 
met  in  Caledonia  County,  in  Danville,  and 
that  legislature  started  them  right  for  the 
hundred  years  to  follow.  Nowadays  the  leg- 
islature is  a little  different  than  one  hundred 
years  ago;  it  has  changed  somewhat.  We 
convene  in  October,  and  not  only  the  members 
of  the  legislature  come  up,  but  some  of  their 
constituents  come  to  start  them.  The  ladies 
come,  and  I am  quite  inclined  to  think  that 
the  ladies  have  as  much  influence  with  the 
Vermont  legislature  now  as  they  would  if  they 
voted  in  the  September  meeting.  (Applause.) 

We  are  proud  of  Vermont,  always  proud  and 


CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  STATE  CAPITAL 


31 


happy  of  it,  of  its  record,  and  of  its  people. 
We  love  the  dear  old  State.  It  has  always 
been  loyal  to  the  best  principles  of  good  gov- 
ernment, it  has  always  been  loyal  to  good  citi- 
zenship, and  to  the  home  that  makes  the  citi- 
zenship. We,  as  a loyal  people,  do  not  really 
understand  what  dignity  the  voter  possesses; 
what  his  responsibilities  are.  We  sometimes 
hardly  think  it  is  necessary  perhaps  to  go  to 
the  polls;  but  what  does  it  mean  to  be  a voter, 
did  3"ou  ever  think  of  it  gentlemen  and  ladies? 
We  are  a great  country.  Our  flags  floats  over 
a country  that  has  not  its  equal  on  earth. 
Our  flag  is  an  emblem  that  we  are  ready  to  die 
for,  we  are  ready  to  fight  for,  and  we  love  it 
dearl}^ — a flag  that  is  honored  by  all  nations 


mont,  in  September,  we  had  an  election 
once  in  two  years  that  the  United  States 
were  watching  for,  and  as  Vermont  voted 
in  September,  so  the  great  states  of  our 
nation  voted  in  November.  Vermont  leads 
the  world,  my  friends,  to-day.  (Laughter 
and  applause).  So  my  friends,  we  must  real- 
ize the  dignity  of  the  situation  here,  celebrat- 
ing our  one  hundredth  anniversary  : we  must 
realize  what  it  means  to  be  a citizen  of  Ver- 
mont, with  its  beautiful  and  comfortable 
homes,  with  its  happy  people,  with  its  pros- 
perity in  agriculture  and  in  manufacturing, 
in  its  quarries — all  of  us  as  happy  and  pros- 
perous as  God  ever  permitted  people  to  be  ; 
and  let  us  continue  to  believe  that  Vermont’s 


Photo  hy  W.B.  Stratton 


THE  KNIGHTS  TEMPLARS. 


of  the  world.  We  have  a Roosevelt,  a presi- 
dent (applaUvSe)  that  never  had  his  equal  ; we 
have  an  Admiral  Clark  (applause),  something 
that  we  are  proud  of  ; we  have  a Senator  Proc- 
tor (applause),  and  a Senator  Dillingham 
(applause),  that  are  still  at  work  for  the  vState 
of  Vermont.  Did  you  ever  realize  my  friends, 
what  it  means  to  be  a voter  in  Vermont? 

I told  them  over  in  Maine  two  weeks  ago 
that  while  Vermont  was  modest  (laughter), 
and  honest  (laughter),  we  were  in  our  modesty 
saying,  that  with  all  the  great  United  vStates, 
with  all  due  respect  to  Massachusetts  for 
her  laws;  with  all  due  respect  to  the  great 
men  of  Maine,  and  the  State  of  New  York, 
and  the  Great  West,  and  the  South  Land, 
Vermont  to-day  controlled  the  w’orld.  (Laugh- 
ter and  applause.)  I said  that  up  in  Ver- 


history  in  the  next  one  hundred  years,  and  I 
presume  there  will  not  be  one  of  you  present 
at  that  celebration — will,  in  the  future,  be 
equal  to  its  history  in  the  past,  one  of  the 
best  States  of  this  great  nation.  (Continued 
applause.) 

Mayor  Corry  in  presenting  the  orator  of  the 
day  said  : 

Montpelier  appreciates  that  grand  stone 
building  up  on  the  hill  ; the  citizens  of  this 
State  appreciate  it ; we  are  proud  to  have  it 
there.  One  hundred  years  ago  the  legislators 
that  met  at  Danville,  if  they  were  alive  to-day, 
would  have  said  that  they  looked  into  the 
future.  All  over  the  State,  wherever  you  go, 
where  is  there  a handsomer  spot  than  IVIont- 
pelier  ? 

Vermont  has  alwa^^s  been  noted  for  its  pub- 


14 


CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  STATE  CAPITAL 


lie  spirited  men,  men  who  have  taken  pains  to 
come  here  each  year  and  go  to  the  legislature, 
and  make  laws  that  have  been  kept.  The 
trouble  with  most  of  the  laws  is,  they  are  not 
enforced  ; you  sometimes  have  to  use  a great 
big  stick  to  enforce  them,  but  they  are  en- 
forced. 

In  this  city  our  people  take  an  interest  in 
its  public  affairs;  they  go  to  the  town  meetings 
and  elect  their  representatives  and  their 
mayors.  In  the  election  of  a candidate  for  any 
office  they  select,  as  they  think,  the  best 
amongst  those  men  that  attend  the  meetings. 
Among  those  who  attended  the  meetings  about 


at  the  piano.  The  singers  were  as  follows: 

First  tenors,  L.  H.  Griffith,  George  Mitchell, 
Barre;  H.  Edward  Slayton,  Montpelier. 

Second  tenors,  Fred  E.  Keegan,  G.  A. 
Knapp,  A.  J.  Phillips,  Montpelier. 

First  basses,  Herman  D.  Hopkins,  Perley 
E.  Pope.  Frank  R Pitkin,  Montpelier. 

Second  basses,  W.  D.  Shaul,  John  Angus, 
Barre;  W.  S.  Smith,  Montpelier. 

THE  CENTENNIAL  PARADE. 

The  Centennial  parade  was  a very  attractive 
feature  of  the  celebration.  It  was  the  largest 
and  finest  procession  of  any  kind  ever  before 


twenty  years  ago  I remember  well  there  was 
one  young  man  that  always  took  an  interest. 
Whatever  he  said  it  was  to  the  point.  Every- 
one followed  his  advice,  and  right  on  through 
to  this  time.  In  our  city  we  have  some  of  the 
largest  financial  institutions  in  the  State.  We 
have  our  banks,  our  insurance  companies  and 
our  merchants,  and  everyone  of  them  do  a 
thriving  business.  Every  state  and  every 
city  has  its  Roosevelt;  the  city  of  Montpelier 
has  its  Roosevelt  in  the  Hon.  Joseph  A. 
DeBoer,  whom  I introduce  to  you. 

Hon.  Joseph  A.  De  Boer  was  then  presented 
by  ]\Iayor  Corry  as  the  orator  of  the  day. 

During  the  exercises  the  male  chorus  sang 
Keller’s  “American  Hymn”  and  “Hark  The 
Trumpet  Calleth  ” under  the  directorship  of 
A.  J.  Phillips.  Miss  Laura  A.  Rugg  presided 


witnessed  at  the  Capital.  With  one  or  two 
exceptions  it  has  never  been  equalled  in  extent 
and  character  on  any  previous  occasion  in  Ver- 
mont. There  were  represented  in  the  parade 
a score  of  different  bodies  and  orders,  including 
military  and  civic  organizations  and  fraternal 
societies.  The  number  of  men  in  the  parade 
exceeded  3,000,  and  they  were  accompanied  by 
seven  bands  of  music.  There  were  many  strik- 
ing features  in  the  procession.  The  military 
division  attracted  much  attention.  The  first 
section  was  composed  of  two  squadrons  of  eight 
troops  of  United  States  Cavalry,  and  two  bat- 
teries of  six  guns  each  of  United  States 
Artillery,  from  Fort  Ethan  Allen.  The  reg- 
ulars numbered  700  officers  and  men,  with  650 
horses,  and  made  an  imposing  spectacle. 

The  second  section  of  military  comprised  a 


CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  STATE  CAPITAL 


battalion  of  the  Vermont  National  Guard,  con- 
sisting of  Co.  E,  Barre;  Co.  F,  Northfield,  and 
Co.  H,  Montpelier.  The  National  Guard  bat- 
talion consisted  of  150  officers  and  men  and 
made  a highly  creditable  appearance.  The 
Norwich  University  Cadets  came  next.  This 
corps  of  cadets  from  the  Military  College  of 
the  State  formed  a battalion  of  three  com- 
panies, with  a battery  of  light  artillery.  They 
mustered  128  officers  and  men,  and  marched 
with  the  precision  of  regulars. 

The  cadets  forming  the  Montpelier  High 
School  and  the  Montpelier  Seminary  battalions 
showed  that  they  possessed  the  true  military 
spirit  as  they  marched  through  the  streets  of 
the  Capital. 

The  civic  division  was  composed  of  uni- 
formed bodies  of  various  orders  and  organiza- 
tions. This  section  of  the  parade  was  of  a 
striking  and  attractive  character.  The  hand- 
some uniforms  and  beautiful  regalias  worn  by 
Knights  Templars,  Knights  of  Pythias,  Patri- 
archs Militant,  Modern  Woodmen  and  Red 
Men  made  a brilliant  spectacle.  The  march- 
ing of  all  these  different  uniformed  bodies  was 
very  fine  and  each  in  turn  attracted  much 
attention.  There  were  seven  commanderies  of 
Knights  Templars  in  the  parade,  with  the 
officers  of  the  Grand  Commandery  and  nearly 
500  Sir  Knights.  The  Knights  of  Pythias 
were  represented  by  six  companies  of  the 
uniform  rank,  mustering  165  men. 

The  Patriarchs  Militant,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  were 
represented  by  6 cantons  and  detachments 
from  3 cantons,  mustering  about  175  men. 

The  Modern  Woodmen  of  America  had  7 
camps,  with  140  men,  in  the  paride. 

The  Improved  Order  of  Red  Men  were  rep- 
resented by  Pffhan  Allen  Company  No.  i,  of 
Algonquin  Tribe  No.  9,  of  St.  Johnsbury. 
This  is  the  first  and  only  company  of  Red 
Men  in  Vermont. 

The  Washington  County  Veterans’  Associa- 
tion, composed  of  veterans  of  the  Civil  and 
Spanish  Wars,  and  Sons  of  Veterans,  turned 
out  nearly  300  strong.  They  were  cheered  all 
along  the  line  of  march  by  the  spectators. 
The  veterans  were  commanded  by  Col.  H.  J. 
Foster,  assisted  by  Captain  John  R.  Wilson. 

The  last  feature  of  the  parade  was  a float 
containing  members  of  the  East  Montpelier 
Grange,  Patrons  of  Husbandry. 

The  bands  in  the  parade  consisted  of  the 
Fifteenth  Cavalry  band  from  Fort  PAhan 


15 

Allen  , the  Montpelier  ^Military  band,  the 
Sherman  Military  band,  the  St.  Johnsbury 
band,  the  Barton  Cornet  band  and  the  Ver- 
gennes  City  band.  The  music  furnished  for 
the  parade  was  exceptionally  fine  and  each 
band  played  in  a manner  that  won  the  praise 
of  all  who  heard  them. 

The  official  reviewing  stand  was  in  front  of 
the  office  building  of  the  Vermont  Mutual  Fire 
Insurance  Company,  on  State  Street.  The 
procession  after  parading  the  principal  streets 
passed  in  review  before  Governor  Bell,  Mayor 
Corry,  Admiral  Clark  and  other  occupants  of 
the  stand. 


MAYOR  FRANK  M.  CORKY.  OF  MONTPELIER. 


REUNION  OF  YERMONT  LEGISLATORS. 

The  third  decennial  meeting  of  the  Ver- 
mont Legislative  Reunion  Association  was  a 
prominent  feature  of  Centennial  day  at  the 
Capital.  This  organization  was  formed  30 
years  ago.  and  its  membership  consists  of  the 
senators  and  ex-senators,  representatives  and 
ex-representatives  and  officers  and  ex-officers 
of  thevState  Government.  The  meeting  of  1905 
was  held  at  the  Armory  on  the  afternoon  ot 
October  4.  Seated  upon  the  platform  were  the 
officers  of  the  Association  and  many  distin- 
guished present  and  former  .State  officers  and 
legislators.  P'ully  800  members  of  past  legis- 
latures were  present.  Seated  upon  the  plat- 
form were  ( lovernor  Bell,  Lieut-Gov.  Stearns, 
Secretary  of  .State  I'leetwood,  State  Treasurer 
Bacon,  .State  Auditor  Graham,  House  Clerk 
Cheney,  former  Governors  Dillingham,  Bars- 


1() 


CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  STATE  CAPITAL 


tow,  Pi  agree,  Ormsbee  and  Stickney  ; former 
Lieutenant-Governors  Stanton,  Allen,  Fisk 
and  Mansur ; former  Speakers  Martin,  Lord, 
Haskins  and  Proctor ; ex-State  Treasurer 
DuBois,  Ex-State  Auditors  Powell  and  Hale, 
Ex  Secretaries  of  State,  Brownell  and  Howland 
and  other  prominent  members  of  the  Associa- 
tion, The  President,  Hon.  Wni.  P,  Dilling- 
ham, Governor  of  Vermont  1888  90,  and  now 
United  States  Senator,  presided  at  the  meeting. 

Senator  Dillingham  in  opening  the  meeting 
feelingly  spoke  of  the  pleasure  it  gave  him  to 
renew  the  charming  old  acquaintances  of  years 


Members  of  the  Legislative  Reunion  Society". 

As  a resident  of  Montpelier  for  more  than 
fifty  years  and  as  a member  of  the  Vermont 
Senates  of  1886  and  1888,  I extend  to  you  all 
a cordial  and  hearty  welcome  to  the  City  and 
to  this  Reunion,  assuring  you  that  as  our 
people  were  glad  to  see  you  when  you  first 
came  to  take  your  seats  in  the  General  Assem- 
bly, so  we  now  bid  you  a glad  welcome  and 
thank  you  for  coming  to  aid  us  in  celebrating 
our  one  hundredth  anniversary  as  the  Capital 
of  Vermont.  In  the  absence  of  his  Honor, 
the  Mayor,  I welcome  you  to  the  city  and  pro- 


THE  SENATE  CHAMBER. 


gone  by.  In  the  course  of  his  remarks  he 
summed  up  the  reasons  why  Vermonters  have 
a right  to  be  proud  of  their  State  and  its  Legis- 
lature and  to  boast  among  themselves  concern- 
ing both;  the  stock  from  which  Vermont  is 
come  represented  the  best  in  educational  ideas 
and  training  and  the  purest  democratic  prin- 
ciples of  any  that  formed  the  origins  of  the 
different  states.  Graft,  ignorance  and  all  forms 
of  corruption  and  baseness  are  wholly  foreign 
to  the  blood  that  flows  in  the  veins  of  Ver- 
monters. 

Col.  P'red  E.  Smith,  cordially  welcomed 
the  association  to  Montpelier.  He  said:  Mr. 
President,  his  Ivxcellenc}^  the  Governor,  and 


mise  that  we  will  do  everything  in  our  power 
to  make  your  stay  pleasant  and  profitable,  and 
as  often  as  you  shall — by  virtue  of  your  wit 
and  wisdom — be  selected  to  represent  your 
constituency  in  any  branch  of  future  Legis- 
latures, you  shall  find  a warm  and  hearty  wel- 
come to  Montpelier. 

The  president  made  a brief  response  and  in- 
troduced as  the  first  speaker  Gov.  C.  J. 
Bell,  whose  remarks  bore  no  uncertain  note  as 
to  his  belief  in  the  Vermont  legislature,  past, 
present  and  to  come. 

Ex-Gov.  John  L.  Barstow  spoke  of  his  in- 
timate association  with  10  sessions  of  the 
Legislature  and  highly  praised  the  character 


CENTENNIAL  OF  THE  STATE  CAPITAL 


IT 


and  ability  of  the  men  who  constituted  the 
membership. 

The  other  speakers  and  the  session  that 
each  represented  were  as  follows  : Hon.  Kit- 
tredge  Haskins,  1872;  Hon.  E.  Henry  Powell, 
1874;  Hon.  James  L.  Martin,  1878;  Ex-Gov- 
ernor S.  E.  Pingree,  1884  ; Ex-Lieut.  Gov. 
Z.  M.  Mansur,  1886  ; Ex-Lieut.  Gov.  N.  W. 
Fisk,  1888  and  1896;  Ex  Gov.  W.  W.  Stickney, 
1892  ; Hon.  F.  D.  Hale,  1900;  Hon.  Hale  K. 
Darling,  1904. 

Music  for  the  reunion  was  furnished  by  a 
male  glee  club  under  the  direction  of  Prof. 
A.  J.  Phillips. 


penter;  Washington,  Andrew  J.  Sibley;  Wind- 
ham, George  W.  Pierce;  Windsor,  William  W. 
Stickney.  Sergeant-at-arms,  James  W.  Brock; 
assistants,  Wayne  Bailey,  Plerbert  E.  Taylor; 
chaplain,  Rev.  Guy  C.  Lamson  ; doorkeepers, 
Lee  W.  Ravlin,  Allen  D.  Ball,  James  L.  Miner, 
Bradley  N.  Chase. 

The  crowning  feature  of  the  celebration  was 
the  grand  display  of  fireworks  in  the  evening 
on  Langdon  Meadow.  It  was  witnessed  by  a 
large  crowd  of  people  and  proved  to  be  one  of 
the  finest  pyrotechnic  displays  ever  seen  in 
Vermont.  The  exhibition  opened  with  a grand 
salute  of  aerial  guns  which  exploded  at  a 


HALL  OF  THF  HOUSP:  OF  REFRFSFNTATI VPLS. 


The  officers  of  the  Vermont  LegivSlative 
Reunion  Association,  nearly  all  of  whom  were 
present  at  the  meeting,  are  as  follows:  Presi- 
dent, William  P.  Dillingham;  vice  presidents, 
William  H.  Fullerton,  Janies  L.  Martin, 
Zophar  M.  Mansur  ; treasurer,  Janies  W, 
Brock;  corresponding  secretary,  ITed  A.  How- 
land; recording  secretary,  Thomas  C.  Cheney; 
Pvxecutive  committee,  by  counties:  Addison, 
Charles  H.  Lane  ; Bennington,  Henry  vS. 
Bingham;  Caledonia,  Truman  R.  Stiles;  Chit- 
tenden, Chauncey  W.  Brownell;  Essex,  P'rank- 
lin  D.  Hale  ; Franklin,  Olin  Merrill  ; Grand 
Isle,  Nelson  W.  P'isk;  Lamoille,  Carroll  S. 
Page ; Orange,  Curtis  S.  Emery ; Orleans, 
George  T.  Howard;  Rutland,  Henry  O.  Car- 


height  of  1,000  feet.  This  was  followed  by 
the  ascension  ot  four  large  balloons  carrying 
magnesium  lights  which  exploded  at  a great 
height  and  showered  the  heavens  with  multi- 
colored lights.  Then  came  two  .set  pieces, 
“Welcome  to  our  GuevSts,”  and  a shield  and 
motto,  “October  4,’’  terminating  with  a grand 
salute.  The  divSplay  continued  with  immeUvSe 
water  spout;  ffock  of  revolving  pigeons;  meteor 
storm;  opening  fan  covering  a space  of  100 
lineal  feet;  vState  coat  of  arms;  polka  galopade 
sun  burst;  Ionic  column  with  motto,  “Capital, 
1805-1905“;  500  feet  of  prismiatic  display;  the 
photospheres ; grand  finale  repre.senting  the 
original  State  house  the  present  capitol  build- 
ing. P'ollowed  by  the  motto  “Good  Night.” 


HON.  JOSEPH  A.  DE  BOER,  CENTENNIAL  ORATOR. 


Born  June  17,  1861,  in  the  little  Dutch  vil- 
lage of  Warflfuni. 

Orphaned  when  four  years  old  by  the  death 
of  his  father. 

Immigrated  with  his  mother  to  America 
when  seven,  settling  in  Albany. 

1870  to  1880  a student  in  the  schools  of  Al- 
bany and  in  1884  a graduate  from  Dartmouth. 

1885  Master  in  the  Holderness  School  for 
Boys. 

1886-9  Brincipal  of  the  Montpelier  Public 
vSchools. 

1889  made  Actuary  of  the  National  Life  In- 
surance Company,  and  thereafter  steadily  pro- 
moted in  that  institution  till  his  election  as 
President  in  1902. 

1889  a founder  of  the  Actuarial  Society  of 
America. 

1900  - 2 State  Senator  from  Washington 
County. 

1905  appointed  Chairman  of  Commission  on 
Permanent  State  School  Fund. 


^T^HP^SK  facts  distinguish  but  in  no  sense 
^ adequately  describe  a Vermonter  who, 
at  the  age  of  forty-four,  may  fairly  be  said  to 
have  no  superior  in  America  in  the  knowledge 
of  the  principles  and  practice  of  life  insurance. 

Mr.  De  Boer’s  success  is  due  to  a rare  com- 
bination of  qualities.  High  ideals  in  private, 
public  and  business  life,  a fearless  and  strict 
adherence  to  them,  a keen  appreciation  of  the 
rights  of  others  as  well  as  an  insistence  upon 
his  own,  coupled  with  a mental  equipment 
which  is  the  result  of  great  native  capacity 
developed  from  early  years  by  serious,  unre- 
mitting and  intense  application  in  right  direc- 
tions, combine  to  form  a character  strong  and 
admirable. 

Thoroughness  may  be  selected  as  the  domi- 
nant force  in  his  activities.  Whatever  is 
undertaken,  whether  it  be  trivial  or  of  magni- 
tude, connected  with  the  discharge  of  great 
business  responsibilities  or  with  the  perfor- 
mance of  the  lighter  duties  imposed  upon  him 
as  a citizen,  is  carried  through  with  equal 
painstaking  care  and  earnestness.  That  “ ca- 
p icity  for  infinite  detail”  which  is  said  to 
constitute  genius  is  his,  and  he  exercises  it 
unsparingly. 

vSludent  life  and  self  support  do  not  ordi- 
narily combine  to  produce  the  best  scholar- 
ship, but  this  dual  life,  as  a neWvSboy  when  in 
the  schools  of  Albany  and  as  monitor,  tutor, 


teacher  and  editor  when  in  Dartmouth,  did  not 
seem  to  impair  the  efficiency  of  Mr.  De  Boer’s 
school  and  college  work,  and  it  is  doubtful  if 
any  other  Vermonter  as  familiar  with  the 
classics  is  at  the  same  time  so  skilled  a 
mathematician. 

Mr.  De  Boer  has  written  largely  respecting 
insurance  and  somewhat  of  State  matters,  but 
is  perhaps  known  more  generally  in  Vermont 
by  reason  of  his  addresses,  being  recognized 
as  a speaker  of  unusual  power  and  effective- 
ness. His  selection  to  deliver  the  historical 
address  at  the  Centennial  celebration  at  Mont- 
pelier and  his  admirable  oration  on  that  oc- 


JOSEPH  A.  DE  BOER. 

casion  attest  the  appreciation  of  his  townsmen 
and  the  substantial  basis  for  it. 

Though  yet  a young  man  and  with  the  grade 
of  ability  whose  natural  field  is  the  largest 
centers,  it  is  hardly  less  than  certain  that  he 
will  exhaust  his  tireless  energies  as  a citizen 
of  Vermont  and  of  the  city  where  he  first  be- 
came a householder,  to  which  he  is  bound  by 
all  the  ties  of  an  intensely  loyal  nature. 

There  is  and  will  continue  to  be  no  more  in- 
teresting figure  in  the  State. 

He  was  married  December  22,  1885,  to  Miss 
Augusta  Charles  Featherly,  of  Albany,  N.  Y. 
Their  children  are  Ethel  Arend  (1886),  Minnie 
Arend  (1888),  Paul  Kuiper  (1897),  and  Phiza- 
beth  Arend  (1902).  Bertha  Arend,  born  1891, 
died  1904. 


STATE  HOUSE  SHOWING  EIBKARY  A^^EX. 


EXECUTIVE  CHAMHEK, 


STATE  CAPITOL  BUILDING,  MONTPELIER,  VT., 


vs  DECORATED  FOR  CENTENNIAL,  OCTOBER  4,  1905 


^w\ 

O^^lvj 

GOVERNOR  CHARLES  J.  BELL  AND  STAFF. 

STAN'DiNG;  COL.  M.  I).  WELLS,  COL.  NELSON  A.  DOLE,  COL.  C.  W.  SCARKF,  SECRETARY  OF  CIVIL  AND  MILITARN’  AFFAIRS  C.  T.  WALTER. 

SITTING:  COL.  FRANKLINS.  BILLINGS,  JUDGE  ADVOCATE  GEN.  N.  G.  WILLIAMS,  GOVERNOR  HELL,  ADJT.  .\NI)  Q.  M.  GEN.  WM.  H.  GILMORE,  SURGEON  GEN.  WARREN  E.  PUTNAM, 


CENTENNIAL  ORflTlON  OF  HON  JOSEPH  A.  DE  BOER 


About  three  hundred  years  ago,  a son  of 
France,  from  which  land  Montpelier  took  its 
title,  sailed  between  the  mountains  of  Vermont 
and  New  York.  During  the  next  hundred  and 
seventy  years  England  was  solving-  its  Indian 
question  and  its  permanent  possessions  in  the 
north,  while  the  colonies  of  New  England  and  the 
Atlantic  South  prepared  themselves  for  inde- 
pendence. Vermont  settlers  date  back  to  the 
days  when  England  conquered  Canada  for  even 
then  there  were  scattered  atoms  of  humanity 
along  the  banks  of  the  Connecticut,  with  here 
and  there  a stout,  brave  heart  in  the  west.  Ver- 
mont did  not  leap  into  existence  but  grew  by 
elfort,  self- sacrifice,  frugality  and  courage.  It 
was  the  land  of  the  Iroquois  and  the  Waubana- 
kee,  debatable  ground  between  the  Indians,  as 
afterwards  it  was  disputed  by  the  whites  on 
either  side.  The  products  of  nature  contested 
the  rigours  of  a hard  climate.  The  settler  held 
his  rude  home  against  the  Indians,  as  afterwards 
the  state  held  its  own  against  the  world.  It  has 
remained  a state  of  individualism,  of  contest, 
criticism,  and  debate,  in  which  personal  opinion 
dominates  the  average  public  opinion  and  thus 
creates  a solid  basis  for  the  growth  of  character 
and  capacity  for  service.  That,  perhaps,  is  one 
reason  why  Vermont  has  given  more  than  its 
share  of  able  men  and  women  to  the  history  of 
clieir  times.  Even  in  those  days  of  the  French 
and  Indian  Wars,  Vermont  was  known  as  “the 
beautiful  wilderness,”  through  which  trudged 
huntsman,  warrior,  soldier  and  settler,  pursuing 
each  his  own  wish  but  destined,  every  man  of 
them,  to  enrich  history  with  the  story  of  this 
state.  In  full  time,  as  Rowland  Robinson  has  so 
stately  said,  “the  old  war  paths  became  the 
ways  of  peace”  and  gentle  peace  found  her  way 
to  this  spot  among  the  hemlocks,  spruce  and  pine 
of  the  Winooski.  This  history  has  been  told  by 
the  scholars  of  the  state,  by  Williams,  Allen, 
Slade,  Homenway,  Walton,  Thompson,  Hall, 
Renedict,  Huse,  Robinson  and  the  rest.  It  is  not 
a part  of  my  duty  to  rehearse  it  here  but  I were 
much  in  fault  if  I failed  to  speak  of  the  long, 
hard,  stubborn  fight  which  Vermont  made  for  a 
personal  ownership  of  its  soil.  Well  might  Bart- 
lett exclaim  at  Bennington,  as  he  thought  again 
of  its  ancient  tavern,  ‘ There  was  one  catamount 
on  the  sign  post  and  twelve  catamounts  within.” 
That  inside  council  of  the  fathers  did  not  concern 
itself  so  much  as  now  with  questions  of  high- 
ways, forestry  and  internal  policy  as  with  soil 
ownership  and  independence,  for  they  were 


builders,  not  conservators,  and  fashioned  their 
speech  by  that  of  the  fiery  Allen,  moistened 
their  discourse  “with  copious  mugs  of  flip”  and 
pointed  their  conclusions  with  an  active  leader- 
ship that  aroused  an  irresistible  following 
throughout  the  coming  state.  Out  of  the  vortex 
and  whirl  of  all  that  colonial,  heroic,  romantic, 
military  and  pioneer  history  of  wars  and  immi- 
gration and  final  settlement  there  gradually  arose 
and  was  maintained  here  a sovereign  power 
among  the  hills,  “confessed  upon  the  principles 
of  the  Revolution  and  implied  by  the  solemn 
transactions  of  Congress”  'itself.  The  Treaty  of 
Paris  in  1763  included  this  territory  in  the  be- 
longings of  the  United  States  but  for  eight  years 
substantially,  or  until  admission  in  1791,  she  was 
the  substance  of  her  copper  coin  motto,  “Ver- 
montensium  Res  Publica”,  the  Republic  of  the 
Green  Mountains,  as  independent  in  the  exercise 
of  full  sovereignty,  as  any  nation,  however  great, 
which  has  exercised  self-government  in  the 
history  of  the  race. 

May  it  please  your  excellency.  Governor  Bell, 
and  you,  Mr.  Mayor,  who  direct  the  business 
management  of  our  city,  to  accept  the  cordial 
congratulations  of  our  people  upon  your  official 
presence  here  at  this  100th  anniversary  of  Mont- 
pelier as  Capital  of  this  State,  Our  recognition 
of  this  event  was  the  order  of  our  town  meeting 
last  March,  the  old-fashioned  town  meeting, 
characteristic  of  New  England,  but  nowhere  bet- 
ter preserved  than  here  without  distinction  of 
either  party  or  class.  The  assumption  of  this 
celebration  has  proceeded  with  due  modesty,  out 
of  duty  and  obligation  to  the  state,  and  in  full 
knowledge  of  the  fact  that  the  time  for  its  re- 
call will  be  long.  Those  who  made  and  are  mak- 
ing the  future  of  our  affairs  are  rapidly  passing 
away,  while  the  cemeteries  of  our  dead  everywhere 
through  Vermont  begin  too  much  to  record  the 
story  of  the  past  and  our  marts  and  towns  do 
not  as  yet,  perhaps,  so  fully  as  they  might,  re- 
llect  the  opportunities  of  the  future.  The  peo- 
ple of  this  city,  as  what  village,  town  and  city 
does  not,  love  their  state  constantly  and  loyally 
and  they  have  striven  to  merit  the  honor  and 
opi)ortunity  of  serving  as  the  seat  of  its  govern- 
ment for  a hundred  years.  We  want  to  celebrate, 
not  here  only  in  this  brief  hour,  but  through  the 
day  and  in  our  memory  hereafter,  the  deeds  and 
doings  of  our  forbears  and  to  thank  publicly 
onc(!  more  those  good  men  and  women  whose 
woi-k  in  field,  forest,  home  and  shop  made  and 
preserved  the  state  an  object  of  love  and  venera- 


24 


CENTENNIAL  ORATION  OF  HON.  JOSEPH  A.  DE  BOER. 


occasion,  not  vaingloriously,  but  as  a sincere, 
affectionate  tribute  to  old  Vermont  and  as  an 
evidence  to  the  thousands  of  Its  sons  and 
daughters  in  other  states  that  the  old  fire-places 
keep  burning  here  and  that  the  old  standards 
are  maintained  intact;  and,  above  all,  with 
thanks  to  the  God  of  nations  for  his  great  mercy 
to  us  and  to  our  stale.  It  is  pleasant  to  think 
that  Montpelier  received  its  charter  not  from 
Hampshire  or  i"ork  but  direct  from  Thomas 
Chittenden,  the  Governor  of  Vermont.  Neighbor- 
liness and  a common  experience  in  politics  and 
war  have  taught  us  since  to  have  great  regard 
and  respect  for  those  great  adjoining  states  but 
that  cannot  wholly  obliterate  a certain  kind  of 
pride  which  our  city  has  in  the  fact  that  its 
charter  hails  from  Vermont  and  its  famous  beech 
rod  tree.  This  charter  war.  substantial  enough 
in  its  list  of  sixty  proprietors,  but,  as  legisla- 
tive bills  have  been  often  since,  somewhat  faulty 
in  other  respects.  The  spelling  was  undoubtedly 
bad.  There  were  no  boundaries  set,  for  example, 
to  the  23,040  acres  so  generously  Pestowed,  and 
then,  too,  there  was  a peculiar  and  impracticable 
condition,  to  wit.,  that  each  proprietor  was  to 
plant  five  acres  and  build  a home,  eighteen  feet 
square,  inside  of  three  years  from  date  of  grant. 
Seme  have  thought  that  the  reservation  to  the 
freemen  of  the  state  of  the  pine  trees,  suitable 
for  a navy,  was  a trifle  quaint,  but  that  criticism 
has  been  modified  since  a couple  of  Green 
Mountain  Boys  entered  and  cleared  out  Manila 
Bay  and  rounded  Cape  Horn  for  a final  strike  at 
Santiago.  The  fact  was,  howevLi',  that  the  first 
charter  was  about  as  defective  as  a permanent 
clay  road  but  all  this  was  improved  in  the  charter 
of  1804,  signed  by  Governor  Tichenor,  in  which 
a basswood  tree  on  the  banks  of  the  Onion, 
marked  Middlesex  Corner,  July  13,  1785,  rescued 
the  starting  point.  But  this  new  charter  sug- 
gests some  high  thinking  in  those  early  days. 
It  reserved  land  rights  for  a seminary  or  college, 
for  a county  grammar  school,  for  a minister  of 
the  gospel,  for  English  schools  and  for  social 
worship,  and  it  declared  these  rights  to  be 
“inalienably  appropriated  and  under  the  charge, 
direction  and  disposal  of  the  inhabitants  of  said 
township  forever.”  That  was  the  style  in  which 
old  Vermont  expressed  its  acts,  motions  and  re- 
solves, strong,  sonorous,  born  of  the  soil  and 
having  in  it  the  swing  of  the  scyihe  and  the 
perpetuity  of  the  eternal  hills,  a chip  of  the  old 
Allen  vocabulary,  destined  to  live.  And  then, 
too,  this  charter  was  resonant  with  such  names 
as  Timothy  Bigelow.  Matthew  '^iyon,  Joseph  Fay, 
Ira  Allen,  Jacob  Davis  and  Thomas  Chittenden, 
and.  besides,  the  names  of  women,  not  often 
fennd  in  our  modern  charters  for  electric  light 
companies  and  trolley  roads,  Mary  Galusha  and 


Sybil  Goodrich,  prophetic,  of  the  thrift  and 
domesticity  which  have  marked  the  capital  and 
every  community  in  our  state.  It  contained  also, 
for  legal  and  prudential  reasons,  the  name  of  one 
who  belongs  to  the  millions  who  come  and  go 
with  the  years,  like  grass,  but  whose  combined 
work  grinds  out  the  story  of  the  nations  and 
fixes  their  place.  I refer  to  Joel  Frizzle,  a 
Canadian,  who  had  103  acres  confirmed  to  him 
by  the  third  meeting  of  the  proprietors  at  Arling- 
ton and  who  first  established  himself  with  his 
wife  in  the  southwest  corner  of  the  town.  He 
did  not  become  a permanent  settler  but  he  did 
his  part.  He  served  on  the  picket  line  and  I i)e- 
lieve  that  he  was  brave,  as  she  was  who  shared  his 
rude  shelter  and  his  hard  account.  If,  then,  we 
date  the  foundation  of  Montpelier  from  the  time 
of  projection,  it  is  Bigelow  and  1780;  if  from  the 
time  of  nominal  occupation,  it  is  Frizzle  and 
17.36;  if  from  the  first  act  of  settlement,  it  is 
Davis  and  1787;  if  from  the  making  of  a home, 
it  is  that  same  Jacob  Davis,  colonel,  farmer, 
millwright,  pioneer  and  founder,  and  1788.  Then 
first  the  log  hut  on  the  Worcester  Branch  became 
a home  when  Rebecca  Davis,  his  wife,  Jacob, 
the  first  schoolteacher,  Thomas,  the  wagon- 
bringer  from  Vergennes.  and  all  his  girls, 
Rebecca,  Hannah,  Polly  and  Eucy,  came  to  town 
and  finally,  117  years  ago,  the  first  baby  born  in 
the  city,  Clarissa.  “Dux  femina  facti”;  the 
leader  of  the  city  was  a woman.  Yes,  dear 
memories,  the  years  have  been  long  and  many 
since  first  you  and  your  friends  came  to  make 
homes  in  the  woods  of  central  Vermont  but, 
at  least,  if  we  dare  not  share  your  hardships, 
we  may  appreciate  your  lives  and,  as  benefi- 
ciaries of  your  labors,  self-sacrifice  and  acts  of 
thrift,  today  recall  your  names  with  reverence 
and  with  love. 

It  will  be  expected,  as  it  is  entirely  appropri- 
ate, that  some  reference  should  be  made  to  the 
selection  and  subsequent  designation  of  Mont- 
pelier as  capital  of  Vermont.  From  its  situation 
in  a division  of  the  Green  Mountain  Range  it 
\Fas  early  called  a sort  of  geographical  puzzle 
and  suitable  for  maintaining  the  political  division 
which  the  people  washed  and  to  which  the 
mountain  line  division  had  oeen  assigned.  Prior 
to  1791  the  Legislature  convened  in  eight  different 
towns,  equally  divided  east  and  w'est,  and  once 
in  Charlestown,  N.  H.,  then  in  Vermont.  After 
1791  and  up  to  1796,  the  sessions  alternated  be- 
tw^een  Rutland  and  Windsor,  and  thereafter,  up 
to  1803,  the  cenventions  met  in  Rutland, 
Windsor,  A’ergennes,  Middlebury,  Newbury, 
Burlington,  Westminster.  Danville  and  Wood- 
stock.  James  Fiske  of  Barre  first  moved 
in  October  of  1803  for  the  appointment 
of  a committee  to  establish  a permanent 


PRESENT  AND  FORMER  STATE  OFFICERS  AT  THE  CELEBRATION  25 


CHARLES  J.  REEL, 
GOVERX(JR. 


JOHN'  L BACOX, 
STATE  TREASURER. 


CLARK  C.  FITTS, 
ATTORXEV  GEXERAL. 


CHARLES  H.  STEARNS, 
LIEUTENAXT  GOVERNOR. 


FREDERICK  G.  FLEETWOOD, 
SECRETARY  OF  STATE. 


I,.  A.  COBB, 

STA'I  K IXSl’ECTOR  OF  FINANCE. 


*JOHN  H.  MERRIFIEI.D, 
S.-L.VKER  OF  'IMF,  IIOl'SE. 


HORACEjF.  GRAIIA.M, 
AUDITOR  OF  ACCOUNTS. 


.MASON  S.  STO.NE. 
STATE  SUI'T.  OF  EDUCATION. 


Xot  present 


26 


CENTENNIAL  ORATION  OF  HON.  TOSEPH  A.  DE  BOER. 


legislative  seat  and,  after  numerous  reports, 
county  conventions,  recommendations  by  Gov- 
ernor and  Council,  references  and  cross- 
references  to  succeeding-  legislatures,  reconsider- 
ations, orders  to  lie  and  proposals  of  amendment, 
a.  bill  was  passed  November  6,  1805,  nearly  two 
years  later,  selecting-  Montpelier  as  the  place. 
Cyrus  iVare  was  our  representative.  The 
Governor  and  Council  returned  the  bill 
with  proposals  of  amendment,  which  Walton 
says  wers  verbal  but  which  the  orig-inal  bill 
files  show  to  be  a redraft  of  the  whole  measure 
after  the  enacting  clause.  Thus  modified, 
the  bill  passed  in  the  form  found  as  per  page 
427,  Vol.  5,  of  Governor  and  Council  by  Walton, 
and  in  October  of  1808  the  legislature  met  for 
the  first  time  at  Montpelier,  in  the  house  erected 
by  this  act  and  which  cost  between  $8,000  and 
$9,000.  Thompson  says  that  it  was  whittled  out 
of  existence  in  the  next!  twenty- seveiT;  years, 
when  the  second  State  House,  occupied  in  1836, 
took  its  place  and  so  served  until  1857,  wiben  it  was 
destroyed  by  Are.  Then  came  the  great  legislative 
debate  involving  a serious  effort  to  move  the 
capital  to  Burlington,  and  the  voice  of  Senator 
Edmunds  rose  for  the  latter  and  that  of  Governor 
Paul  Dillingham  and  Representative  F.  F.  Merrill 
for  Montpelier.  I do  not  consider  it  at  all 
necessary  to  refer  to  the  details  of  the  three 
state  houses,  to  money  considerations  paid  by 
this  city,  to  the  volunteer  acts  of  bonding  and 
assumed  responsibility  of  its  citizens  or  to  the 
fact  that  Montpelier  firmly  met  the  business  end 
of  the  controversy,  dollar  for  dollar,  which, 
while  practical,  v.^ere  all  insignificant  when 
compared  to  the  larger  (luestion  involved.  The 
old  conservatism  manifested  itself  in  this  debate. 
After  referring  to  the  original  designation  of 
Montpelier  as  a means  of  making  the  Vermont 
people  homogenous  and  united  and  of  maintain- 
ing thereby  a half  century  of  peace,  the  Hon. 
William  C.  Bradley  said:  “ Our  fathers  wor- 
shipped in  this  mountain,  not  bowing  themselves 
to  the  Adirondacks  across  the  Lake  nor  to  the 
White  Hills  from  St.  Johnsbury,  but  to  this 
mountain,  the  Green  Mountain  Range;  and  I am 
for  going  down  to  no  Jerusalem  on  the  east  or 
the  west.”  Thus  the  capital  was  to  them  the 
symbol  of  neutrality  and  this  idea  deserves  to  be 
expressed  today  in  political  unity  of  action  upon 
the  hard  and  necessary  needs  of  the  state,  in 
order  that,  united  in  all  good  ways  of  thinking, 
we  may  also  unite  in  such  acts  and  resolves  as 
will  multiply  and  distribute  through  all  our  towns 
a greater  and  more  comfortable  prosperity.  Mr. 
Bradley’s  argument  did  not  consider,  and,  I 
think,  properly  so,  the  personal  claims  of  Mont- 
pelier, because  state  questions  take  precedence 
of  local  ones.  He  dealt  with  the  merit  of  the 


question,  as  he  viewed  it.  And  yet  there  is  a sort 
of  justifiable  pride  in  the  recollection  that  a 
century  ago  1,200  people,  with  a list  of  but 
$23,000,  one-sixth  the  size  of  today,  initiated  the 
work  of  building  a State  House  in  this  city.  It 
is  not  Greece  or  Rome,  Persia  or  Egypt,  France, 
Germany  or  Great  Britain,  but,  viewed  by  itself, 
it  was  a fairly  great  piece  of  creditable  work  for 
a few  honest  men  to  do  and  it  is  right  enough  to 
consider  it  today  as  such,  losing  sight  for  the 
moment  of  the  controlling  factors  in  our  modern 
civilization,  of  dollars,  of  eg-oism,  of  lack  of  self- 
control,  and  keeping  in  view  the  virtue  of  the 
middle  way,  as  safe,  and  of  philosophy,  that  real, 
simple,  honest,  square- dealing  philosophy  which 
is  the  guide  and  pilot  of  life.  There  is  no 
occasion  for  losing  our  heads,  our  hearts  and 
our  characters  while  we  are  improving  our 
streets,  our  lights,  our  houses,  our  furnishments, 
our  transportation,  our  modes  of  communication, 
our  systems  of  self  and  family  support,  our  ex- 
changes, and,  in  brief,  all  the  means  by  which 
the  pursuit  and  the  enjoyment  of  life  and  happi- 
ness are  maintained.  The  subscriptions  for  the 
first  poor  State  House  was  mostly  made  in  grain, 
meat,  cattle,  provisions  or  goods  because  money 
was  rare.  In  1806  the  town  petitioned 
the  legislature  for  the  right  to  tax  land 
4 cents  per  acre  but  nothing  was  done. 
The  good  old  times  were  not  always 
inompt.  It  was  not  until  1808  that  the  lown  -'xas 
able  to  assess  this  tax  and,  even  then,  two-thirds 
were  made  payable  in  grain  and  provisions  and 
tht  rest  in  “specie,  current  bank  bills  or  orders 
on  the  building-  committee  or  in  receipts  or  orders 
from  the  architect  and  constructor.” 

But  this  old-fa.shioned,  high-minded,  deep- 
souled  way  of  thinking  and  doing  things  mani- 
f':^sted  itself  again  in  1857  in  the  argument  on  the 
State  House  question  of  another,  citizen,  who 
typified  the  best  culture,  scholarship  and  service 
of  his  times.  Said  Mr.  Stewart  of  Middlebury: 
“ My  purpose  is  to  state  conclusions  to  which  I 
have  been  forced  contrary  to  territory  prefer- 
ences, against  oft-expressed  inclinations,  against 
lon.g  established  associations  and  the  claims  of 
personal  friendship.  Throughout  this  protracted 
discussion  I have  striven  to  suit  my  judgment 
to  my  inclination.  Having  utterly  failed  in  this, 
I know  of  no  course  left  save  obedience  to  my 
conviction  of  right.  For,  Sir,  the  duties  which 
pertain  to  legislation  rest  upon  a broader  and 
firmer  basis  than  mere  prejudice  or  preference, 
local  or  personal,  and  involves  a responsibility 
whose  faithful  discharge  must  seldom  wholly 
exclude  consideration  of  taste,  of  feeling  or  self- 
inierest.”  This  quotation  sums  up  the  principD 
involved  and  the  judgment  which  was  reached 
and  is  a fair  definition  of  the  aims  and  purpose 


CENTENNIAL  ORATION  OF  HON.  JOSEPH  A.  DE  BOER. 


27 


of  the  Vermont  Legislature  at  all  times  on  all 
state  affairs.  There  may  be  mistakes  but  that 
course  as  so  defined,  has  been  the  aim  of  the 
people  and  is  today. 

I sincerely  regret  that  my  voice  was  substi- 
tuted, on  a late  call,  for  that  of  your  much  more 
experienced  citizen,  Senator  William  P.  Dilling- 
ham; but,  lacking  his  able  service  on  account  of 
domestic  affliction  and  absence  abroad,  I sub- 
stitute this  wise  word  of  Mr.  Stewart  on  the 
duty  and  the  opportunity  of  the  legislator  as 
fairly  descriptive  of  the  history  of  our  Legislature 
for  s hundred  years.  Sentiments  like  thes-^,  the 
economics  involved  and  ancient  claims,  all  lead 
to  the  establishment  here  of  the  existing  State 
House  and  bestow  upon  our  city  today  the  great 
honor  of  celebrating  its  centennial  as  the  capital 
of  Vermont. 

In  striking  contrast  to  the  scenes  of  former 
days  was  the  brilliant  gathering  last  evening 
where  we  now  sit.  The  flash  of  gem,  the  play 
of  color,  the  grace  of  fashion, — everything  was 
different  from  that  ancient  happy  gathering  a 
century  ago.  when  at  a country  ball  Mrs.  Parley 
Davis  wore  the  first  silk  gown  ever  seen  in  these 
parts,  but  let  me  venture  to  say,  if  by  inference 
only  and  perhaps  on  the  parole  of  some  whose 
memories  reach  far  back  into  the  past,  that, 
beautiful  and  good  as  the  scene  of  last  night  was 
and  those  who  composed  it,  it  did  not  exceed  in 
quality  and  grace  the  harvest  ball  in  the  old 
Davis  barn.  The  contrast,  great  as  it  is,  is 
not  so  great  that  we  may  not  truly  say  that  the 
best  lessons  of  the  past  have  been  learned  and 
kept  secure  and  I have  no  doubt  that  the  girls  of 
yesterday  had  many  a loving  and  affectionate 
thought  for  those  former  girls  who  helped  to 
make  the  home  good,  sweet  and  comfortable  as 
well  as  the  dance  merry  and  light. 

There  were  at  that  time  no  class  distinctions, 
no  hot  water  heating  systems  and  only  potash 
fires.  Idleness  was  a vice  and  work  a virtue, 
while  the  boy  was  taught  to  emulate  his  father’s 
swing  of  the  scythe  in  the  field.  Mothers  taught 
their  girls  to  spin  and  knit,  cut  and  string  apples, 
put  up  preserves.  make  butter  and  cook. 
Neighbors  helped  ^^ach  other  to  log,  to  raise 
barns,  to  draw  crops  and  to  harvest.  For  merri- 
ment there  were  the  huskings,  the  red  ear  kiss, 
the  quilting  party,  immortalized  in  the  college 
song  dedicated  to  Nellie,  the  country  dance  with 
its  match-making  seriu^l,  and  the  happy  snow 
wreaths  of  sugar  making.  Marriage  came  early 
and  was  simple  and  safe,  an  affair  of  the  home 
and  not  wholly  that  of  society.  The  farmer  took 
pride  in  his  Merinos  and  his  Moi-gan  horse.  whiD 
wood  and  stream  were  true  enough  to  his  calls 
for  spoi't  to  require  no  mortgage  of  Canadian 
waters.  Politics  were  warun  but  local  and  well 


distributed.  The  representative  held  a reception 
at  his  house  and  then  did  duty  at  the  capital, 
entirely  ready  he  had  to  be  to  yield  to  the  next 
best  man  when  session  time  rolled  round  once 
more.  There  was  love  for  the  old  man  and  the 
grand- dame,  who  closed  their  days  at  the  firesides 
in  the  farm  kitchen  and  sitting  room.  Filial 
piety  was  a virtue  and  so  remains,  our  people 
never  having  yielded  to  any  other  doctrine  of 
domesticity  or  social  life  than  that  sincerity  and 
kindness  of  heart  are  more  than  coronets.  The 
school  has  dominated  the  Vermont  idea  of  public 
life.  No  subject  has  more  often  consumed  the 
time  of  its  assemblies.  Its  forefathers  from  the 
start  created  a system  of  common,  country  and 
state  schools,  designing  to  give  every  child  a 
cnance,  if  it  would,  to  run  the  full  gamut  from 
the  abededarium  to  the  humanitarian.  It  was  so 
ambitious  for  learning  that  even  in  its  union  with 
the  sixteen  New  Hampshire  towns  it  brought  and 
kept  Dartmouth  College  in  the  state  in  1785. 
Why,  even  at  Montpelier,  eleven  years  before-  the 
act  establishing  the  capital  and  only  seven  years 
after  settlement,  a choice  library  of  two  hundred 
volumes  had  been  made.  Activity  in  publication 
is  marked  by  such  a distinguished  catalogue  as 
the  Gilman  Bibliography,  while  Forbes  but 
recently  pointed  out  once  more  the  progress  of 
th^  press  in  this  state,  a press  which  has 
stood  from  the  day  of  the  Green  Mountain  Post 
Boy  true  to  the  welfare  of  the  people,  loyal  to 
the  federal  government,  staunch  to  freedom  for 
all  men  and  the  honest  administration  of  affairs. 
No  single  thing  marks  its  work  more  fully  than 
this,  that  the  safe-guarding  of  free  labor  by  con- 
stitution. camp  and  court  has  always  had  the 
strong  defense  of  the  state  press.  Politics  have 
stood  foi  the  man  as  against  the  dollar,  as  Allen 
so  strongly  put  the  thought,  when  he  spoke  of 
the  “Gods  of  the  Hills,’’  and  in  this  connection  let 
me  say  the  proudest  thing  of  all,  that,  amid  all 
the  great  civil,  industrial,  commercial  and  finan- 
cial changes  which  have  come  in  the  last  century, 
our  people  have  kept  intact  the  old  standards  of 
self-government,  the  same  ideas  as  to  the  kind 
and  mode  of  government  wanted  in  1776,  and 
to-day  conlinue  to  reflect  them  in  Iheir  town 

meetings  and  legislative  work.  We  celebrate 

today  not  mei’ely  the  centennial  of  the  cajutal  but 
more  than  a century  of  consistent  democi-atic 
government  in  this  state.  True  it  is  that  our 

IHople  have  been  charged  with  being  behind  the 
times,  as  somewhat  set  in  their-  ideas,  sh)w  going, 
hid(‘  bound  and  unpr-ogressi  ve.  This  cliarge  is 
nf)t  e>’erywhere  true  and  the  last  thing  in  proof  of 
it  is  that  froiTi  lancoln  to  its  (dioice  of  Roosevelt 
Vei-mont  has  given  its  elector-.al  vote  to  every 

Rcimblican  nominee.  'That  shows  our  neofrle  as 
lx  iirg  slow  to  take  a posit irrn  but  as  sui-e  in  hold- 


8 PRESENT  AND  FORMER  STATE  OFFICERS  AT  THE  CELEBRATION. 


JAMES  W.  BROCK, 
SERGEANT-AT-ARMS. 


REDEIELI)  PROCTOR, 
GOVERNOR  J878-80. 


THOiSEAS  C.  CHENEV, 
CLERK  OE  THE  HOUSE. 


W.M.  I>.  I)ILLIN(HIAM, 
(,()\-ERN(iR  18S8-90. 


JOHN  L.  BARSTOW, 
(lOVERNOR  1882-84. 


CHARLES  W.  (;ATES, 
STATE  HIGHWAY  COM.MISSIONER. 


E.  J.  ORMSHEE, 
GOVER\(H<  1886-88. 


CENTENNIAL  ORATION  OF  HON.  JOSEPH  A.  DE  BOER. 


ing-  it,  and  also,  in  a very  large  sense,  the  acumen 
and  statesmanship  of  its  leaders  in  placing  it  in 
the  front  rank  of  the  Nation’s  councils  and  keep- 
ing it  there.  It  may  not  have  figured  so  largely 
as  some  of  its  neighbors  on  a money  basis  or  as 
numbers  go  in  the  politics  of  events  but  it  has 
tried  and,  we  believe,  succeeded  in  always  sending 
to  Congress  and  to  important  military,  naval, 
diplomatic  and  civil  positions  men  of  ability  and 
honest  faith,  who  have  done  the  country  a true 
and  lasting  service,  Vermont  cannot  hope  to  dis- 
charge another  century  of  politics  to  better  ad- 
vantage than  to  record  a century  of  results  as 
far-reaching-  and  useful  as  those  since  1805.  Its 
Legislatures  have  been  made  up  for  the  greater 
part  of  the  townsmen,  chosen  for  wit  and  wisdom. 
If  frequent  rotation  resulted  in  inexperience,  it 
also  fostered  local  interest  and  self-government 
and  may  have  kept  the  history  of  our  legislation 
free  from  venal  attacks.  The  soil  was  the  thing 
and  yet  is,  and  so  it  was  correct  that  agriculture 
and  its  devotees  should  influence  our  legislative 
work.  All  this,  however,  was  equalized  l)y  the 
strong  selections  of  county  senators,  by  the  con- 
stant re -offering  to  its  councils  of  the  In' ghost 
professional  service  in  the  state,  by  constant 
regard  for  schools,  temperance,  religion  and 
economy  of  management,  and  also  by  a firm  ad- 
herence to  the  usage  and  practice  of  the  past.  If 
Vermont  has  advanced,  as  she  has,  it  has  been 
upon  the  Roman  principle  of  “ festina  hnte.” 
She  has  made  haste  slowly  but  surely  and  has 
not.  as  often  has  been  the  case  with  others,  been 
obliged  to  retrace  her  steps  or  to  say  that  the 
thrift  of  today  was  paid  for  by  any  diminution 
in  any  one  of  the  safeguards  by  which  the 
liberties  and  lives  of  a free  people  are  maintained. 

There  have  been  eighty  regular  amd  eight 
special  m.cetings  of  the  Legislature  at  Montpelier 
but  of  these  none  are  more  interesting  histori- 
cally, perhaps,  than  that  which  convened  in 
1898  to  consider  the  equipment,  subsistence  and 
transportation  of  Vermont  troops  to  the  Spanish- 
American  War,  and  the  greatest  session  of  all  in 
our  history,  that  of  April  23,  1861,  in  relation  to 
public  affairs  as  affected  by  the  War  of  the 
Rebellion,  The  session  of  1865  lasted  two  days 
only,  in  ratifying  the  constitutional  amendment 
prohibiting  slavery.  That  of  1861  lasted  five  days 
but  long  enough  to  prove  conclusively  that  the 
men  of  ’61  were  chips  of  the  old  Green  VIountain 
Eoys  and  ready,  although  preparations  in  the 
slate  were  meagre  enough,  to  respond  firmly  and 
for  the  whole  war  to  every  demand.  Vermont 
voted  promptly  that  she  would  do  all  in  her  power 
to  maintain  the  Union,  into  which  it  might  bo 
said  she  had  forced  her  own  way  in  the  early 
days.  The  first-born  state  was  true.  The  Legis- 
lature required  only  forty-eight  hours  to  vote 


one  million  dollars  for  Avar  expenses,  Avithovit 
distinction  of  party,  and  to  add  $7  per  month  to 
the  GoA^ernment’s  $13  for  each  private’s  pay. 
Benedict,  the  historian  of  that  period,  affirms 
that  GoA-ernor  Fairbanks’  proclamation  for  this 
assembly  bore  eA-en  date  Avith  that  of  Pre.sident 
Lincoln  and  antedated  by  a day,  at  least,  that  of 
any  other  goA-ernor.  It  is  impossible  to  rehearse 
here  the  story  of  that  Avar,  Avhich  has  since  been 
told  so  often,  but  one  of  the  great  events,  great 
and  enduring  for  all  timiO  to  come  in  the  history 
of  the  last  century,  AA^as  the  preservation  of  the 
American  Union.  Vermont  may  justly  have 
credit  and  take  pride  in  the  fact  that  its  battle- 
flags  at  the  State  House  symbolize  the  doings  end 
thv^  A-alor,  the  sacrifices  and  the  deaths  of  seA-en- 
teen  regiments,  three  light  batteries  and  three 
companies  of  sharp-shooters,  in  all,  34,000  men.. 
But,  alas,  all  this  made  a most  significant  differ- 
ence and  it  Avas  a hard  and  cruel  task  to  readjust 
the  Avork.  the  loss  of  income,  the  added  burdens 
of  taxation,  the  contraction  in  farm  A-alues,  and. 
aboA-e  all,  the  loss  of  men,  killed  or  AAmunded. 
But  to  all  this  AA-as  added  the  call  and  the 
response  for  an  emigration  from  Vermont  into, 
other  states,  both  in  Noav  England  and  thronghc'ut 
the  AVest.  You  educated  the  best  men  you  had  in 
your  OAvn  state  univ'ersities  and  academies  and 
they  took  themselA-es  to  other  markets  for  the- 
exercise  of  th^ir  capacities  and  a corresiiond- 
ing  opportunity.  You  reared  the  finest  wonn'ii  in 
the  Avorld  and  either  your  OAvn  sons  took  them 
off  AAdth  them  or  they  Avere  Avooed  elseAA'^here,  until 
for  half  a century  the  population  of  the  state 
stood  still  and  eA-en  noAV  it  is  only  beginning  to- 
enjoy  a faA'orable  growth  under  the  influence- 
of  new  industries  and  arts  and  the  immigration 
due  to  the  deA'elopment  of  special  industries  at 
certain  points.  Yet  it  is  a just  and  true  A-erdict 
that  the  period  Avhich  folloAved  A^ermont  in  the 
Civil  Avar  was  as  good  a repetition  of  recon- 
struction as  that  Avhich  followed  its  admission  as- 
a state,  different  in  the  character  of  the  forces  at 
Avork  through  the  Avorld  at  large,  but  alike  in  its. 
demands  upon  the  people  for  thrift,  for  economy, 
for  courage,  for  loyalty,  for  individualism,  for 
persistency  and  for  rugged  character.  It  Avas  a 
great  and  noble  period,  out  of  Avhich  by  the  attri- 
tions of  time  and  death  Ave  a.re  now  passing  and- 
to  which  Ave  will  soon  bo  yielding  our  nuMuoi-y 
only,  for  its  actors  will  haA^e  passed  aAvay.  Rut 
when  all  else  has  been  said  and  told  in  song  and 
A-erse,  in  story  and  address  upon  Avhich  A^ei  niont’s 
claim  to  a star  in  the  flag  will  be  p1(m1.  iIk-  doings 
of  the  soldiers  in  the  Civil  War  and  of  the  men. 
women  and  children  behind  those  soldiei-s  Avill 
pass  in  revioAv  once  again  and  all  voices  of  all 
men  born  here  or  born  again  here  will  join  in. 
saying,  “God  bless  the  star  that  never  sets.” 


30 


CENTENNIAL  ORATION  OF  HON.  JOSEPH  A.  DE  BOER. 


There  was  recently  taken  a census  of  Mont- 
pelier by  order  of  its  Common  Council.  Its 
population  is  today  7,313,  or  six  times  greater 
than  it  was  in  1805.  It  contains  1,180  houses 
and  1,313  families.  It  is  further  reported  that  of 
this  population  1,270  were  born  in  foreign  coun- 
tries and  977  were  born  in  other  states,  a total  of 
2,247,  or  30  per  cent,  of  the  whole.  The  nationali- 
ties represented  by  this  census  are  nineteen  in 
number,  classifying  as  Americans  those  who  were 
born  subsequent  to  the  second  generation  from 
the  immigrant,  of  which  the  Americans  amount 
to  3,013,  or  50  per  cent,  the  Irish  to  1,139,  or  15 
per  cent,  and  the  French  to  1,065,  or  14  per  cent., 
in  largest  number.  These  figures  disclose  the 
great  shift  in  the  character  of  city  population 
now  going  on  in  different  parts  of  Vermont.  It 
serves  to  remind  us  that,  in  spite  of  time  and  in 
spite  of  these  changes  in  the  character  of  popu- 
lation, this  has  all  transpired  so  leisurely  as  to 
have  resulted  to  date  in  a reasonable  assimilation, 
although  some  changes  in  recent  political  con- 
ditions may  partly  be  accounted  for  as  due  to  a 
lack  of  perfect  assimilation.  When,  too,  we  think 
of  many  villages  and  towns  which  have  from 
natural  causes  diminished  their  population,  when 
we  consider  how  many  values  have  shrunken, 
while  that  of  labor  is  maintained,  when  we  con- 
sider that  there  is  a tendency  to  live  more  closely 
up  to  earning  capacity  than  formerly,  when  we 
see  that  the  dairy  has  supplanted  sheep  culture 
and  that  the  milk-pan,  churn  and  cheese  press 
are  displaced  by  the  creamery,  when,  too,  we  note 
that  the  spinning-wheel  gives  place  to  the  loom, 
when  we  remember  that  our  mineral  wealth  has 


ccme  to  save  values  and  increase  our  population, 
when  we  note  that  the  pine  tree  and  wheat 
sheaf  have  practically  disappeared,  and  when, 
as  Robinson  said,  “ the  quaint  individuality  of  the 
earlier  people  is  fast  dissolving  into  commonplace 
likeness’”  we  may  perhaps  be  induced  to  feel 
anxious  and  long  again  for  the  good  old  times; 
for  the  good  old  folks  in  the  days  of  youth,  yes 
and  always;  for  the  simple  virtue  and  the  peace 
of  non-competition,  perhaps;  for  the  hard  years, 
the  hardships  of  life,  the  rigours  of  work  and  the 
small  return  for  service,  no!  A Vermonter  is 
always  a Vermonter  but  that  is  no  reason  for 
decrying  the  actual  advantages  which  we  enjoy 
today  and  have  in  prospect,  largely  because  of 
our  heritage  from  the  past.  Vermont  is  better 
to-day  than  ever,  better  traveled,  better  heated, 
better  lighted,  better  fed,  better  transported, 
better  educated,  better  served  with  news,  and 
has  a better  market  in  which  to  trade  and  to 
V liich  to  sell.  At  points  there  are  reverses,  due  to 
local  causes,  but,  as  a whole,  our  people  are  today 
enjoying  as  large  and  pleasant  a prosperity  as  in 
the  past-  Neither  Vermont  nor  the  country  at 
large  is  evolving  backward,  but  forward,  and  this 
I mean  to  apply  to  character,  ability  and  per- 
formance, as  well  as  to  material  things.  There 
is  today  in  the  nature  of  things  a greater  amount 
of  action  and  more  diversified  distribution  of  that 
action,  and  so,  at  the  close  of  the  century  of  this 
capital,  I,  for  one,  am  now  looking  forward  to  the 
next  hundred  years  and  for  assuming  its  burdens 
and  its  opportunities  in  the  spirit  of  gratitude  to 
the  past  and  of  hope  for  and  absolute  confidence 
in  the  future. 


TIIR  OFFICIAL  KEVIEWINO  STAND. 


Vermont  Mutual  t'ire  Insurance  Co. 


National  Life  Insurance  Co. 


FORMATION  OF  COLUMN  FOR  CENTENNIAL  PARADE 


PJatoon  of  City  Police,  commanded  by 
John  W.  Durkee,  Chief  of  Police. 

Captain  Arthur  G.  Eaton,  Chief  Marshal. 
Aides — E.  P.  Coleman,  George  B.  Walton,  Carlos 
C.  Bancroft,  Clarence  H.  Senter. 

UNITED  STATES  TROOPS— Fifteenth  Cav- 
alry and  Twelfth  Battalion  of  Field  Artillery, 
from  Fort  Ethan  Allen,  Major  Wilbur  E.  Wilder 
commanding,  740  men.  Staff — Major  .Joseph  T. 
Clarke,  Surgeon;  First  Lieutenant  Arthur  N. 
Pickel.  Adjutant;  Second  Lieutenant  Wiley  P. 
Man  gum,  Quartermaster  and  Commissary. 

Fifteenth  Cavalry  band,  mounted,  under 
ccn.rnand  of  Drum  Major  Zimmerman  and  Chief 
Musician  Charles  Berger. 

Troops  L,  F.,  H.,  and  M.,  Fifteenth  Cavalry, 
IT.  S.  A.,  Captain  Henry  C.  Smithers  command- 
ing. 

Troops  A.,  E.,  D.,  and  M.,  Fifteenth  Cavalry 
U.  S.  A.,  Captain  Michael  M.  McMamee,  com- 
manding. 

Twelfth  Battalion  Field  Artillery,  U.  S.  A., 
Major  E.  E.  Gale,  commanding;  Second  Lieu- 
tenant Charles  H.  Patterson,  Adjutant,  Quarter- 
master and  Commissary. 

Twenty-seventh  Battery.  U.  S.  A.,  First  Lieu- 
tenant James  C.  Prentice,  commanding. 

Twenty- third  Battery,  U.  S.  A.,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant Matthew  A.  Cross,  commanding. 

Montpelier  Military  Band,  Timothy  R.  Mer- 
rill, Leader,  31  pieces. 

VERMONT  NATIONAL  GUARD— First 
Battalion,  First  Regiment,  (150  men)  Major 
Frank  L.  Howe,  commanding;  Lieutenant  H.  M. 
Howe.  Adjutant;  Sergeant  Majp'or,  E.  L.  Kelty, 

Company  E.,  Barre,  Captain  Patrick  J. 
Rogers. 

Company  F.,  Northfield,  Captain  Harry  C. 
Moseley. 

Company  H„  Montpelier,  Captain  F.  B. 
Thomas. 

NORWICH  UNIVERSITY  CADETS— Section 
of  Artillery,  128  men,  Northfield.  Cadet  Staff- 
Cadet  Major  B.  P.  Hovey,  commanding;  Cadet 
Adjutant  D.  R.  Barney,  Cadet  Quartermast/er 
J.  B.  Swett,  Cadet  Sergeant  Major  A.  PT.  Burr, 
Cadet  Color  Sergeant  C.  R^  Hartwell,  Cadet 
Quartermaster  Sergeant  L.  H,  Davis,  Cadet  Ord- 
nance Sergeant  J.  M-  Carbonell,  Chief  Musician 
Cadet  Corporal  E.  C.  White. 

Company  A.,  Cadet  Captain  D.  H.  Gilman, 
Cadet  First  Lieutenant  S.  W.  Bampton,  Cadet 
Second  Lieutenant  H.  C.  Pratt. 

Company  B.,  Cadet  Captain  H.  J.  Betterley, 
Cadet  First  Lieutenant  W.  S.  Clarke,  Cadet  Sec- 
ond Lieutenant  J.  H.  Mears. 


Company  C.,  Cadet  Captain  C.  R.  Andred, 
Cadet  First  Lieutenant  L.  C.  Barker  Jr.,  Cadet 
Second  Lieutenant  M.  J.  Noyes. 

MONTPELIER  SCHOOL  CADETS— 38  offi- 
cers and  men.  Captain  L.  Clagston  Flint,  com- 
manding. First  Lieutenant  Ned  Thomas,  Second 
Lieutenant  Harold  Barney,  First  Sergeant  Har- 
old P.  Jackson,  Sergeants  Pitkin  and  Theriault; 
Corporals  Parady,  Bailey,  Corey  and  Stack. 

MONTPELIER  SEMINARY  BATTALION— 
32  officers  and  men.  Captain  G.  Leon  Wells, 
cemrnanding.  First  Lieutenant  F.  J.  Allen,  Sec- 
ond Lieutenant  C.  A.  Bigelow,  First  Sergeant 
G.  C.  Carpenter,  Second  Sergeant  Irvin  Henson, 
Third  Sergeant  F.  E.  Davidson,  Fourth  Sergeant 
A.  W.  Atwood,  Corporals  Lane,  Harvey,  Morse, 
Wilcox  and  Bulkcley. 

Sherman  Military  Band,  Burlington,  30  pieces 
George  D.  Sherman,  leader. 

KNIGHTS  OF  PYTHIAS.— First  Regiment, 
Vermont  Uniform  Rank,  165  men,  C,  M.  Brownell, 
Colonel  Commanding;  A,  H.  Bartcher,  Lieut. 
Colonel;  Geo-  A.  Lepper,  Major  Comdig.  1st  Bat- 
talion; C.  M.  Willey,  Major  Comdg.  2nd  Bat- 
talion; Geo.  W.  Grandy,  Capt.  and  Adjutant; 
W^  P.  Conger,  Capt.  and  Quartermaster;  P.  J. 
Cowles,  Capt.  and  Commissary;  S.  C.  Nash,  1st 
IJeut.  and  Eat.  Adjutant;  F.  E.  Robinson,  1st 
IJ.eut.  and  Bat.  Adjutant;  S.  G.  Lewis,  Chaplain. 

Company  No.  1,  St-  Johnsbury,  Capt.  H.  W. 
Ellis. 

Company  No.  4,  St.  Albans,  Capt.  J_  G.  Hoyt. 
Company  No.  5,  Burlington,  Chpt.  A-  H. 
Bartcher. 

Company  No.  6,  Barre,  Capt.  N.  N_  Ballarn. 
Company  No.  9,  Barton  Landing,  Lieut. 
E.  A.  Willey. 

Company  No.  10,  Richford,  Capt.  A.  H.  King_ 
MODERN  WOODMEN  OF  AMERICA— L.  F. 
Linsenmier,  commanding,  140  men;  E.  A.  Burdick, 
Aide. 

Montpelier  Camp.  No.  9065,  Captain  F.  C. 
Jenne, 

Barre  Camp,  No.  8686,  Captain  Gilbert  Phil- 
lips, 

Burlington  Camp,  No.  7227,  Captain  William 
Thyne. 

Winooski  Camp.  No.  8940,  Captain  C.  G. 
Allard. 

Milton  Camp,  No.  8038,  Captain  Ira  Turner. 
Hartford  Camp.  No.  9923,  Captain  A.  E. 
Mead. 

Sheffield  Camp,  No.  11207,  Captain  H. 
Snellery. 

Woodstock  Camp,  No.  1 1249,  Captain  Otto 
Yuncker. 


FORMATION  OF  THE  COLUMN  FOR  THE  CENTENNIAL  PARADE. 


IMPROVED  ORDER  OF  RED  MEN— Ethan 
Allen  Company,  No.  1,  Algonquin  Tribe  No.  9, 
of  St.  Johnsbury,  Captain  H.  A.  Wileox.  com- 
manding'. C.  A.  Carr,  Lieutenant;  H.  A.  Caswell, 
Second  laeutenant;  Thomas  Barry,  Adjutant; 
James  B.  Drummond,  Quartermaster  Sergeant. 

Vergennes  City  Band  of  Vergennes.  A.  D. 
Vittuin,  Leader,  25  pieces. 

KNIGHTS  TEMPI.ARS  OF  VERMONT. 
Burlington  Comma  n:lery.  No.  2 of  Burlington. 
Chilo  L^  Soule,  Eminent  Commander;  Arthur  G. 
Mansur,  Generalissimo;  Ernest  A.  Brodie,  Cap- 
tain General. 

Lydonville  Military  Band  of  Lydonville,  H.  C. 
Wilson,  Leader,  30  pieces. 

Sussex  Consistory  of  Sherbrooke,  P.  Q.,  A.  O. 
Noiton,  Eminent  Commander. 

Vermont  Commandery,  No.  4,  of  Windsor, 
Daniel  Payson  as  Commander. 

St^  Johnsbury  Band,  G.  C.  Felch,  Leader,  25 
pieces. 

Palestine -Commandery,  No.  5,  of  St.  Johns- 
bury. William  S.  Boynton,  Eminent  Com- 
mander; Harry  A.  Bartlett,  Generalissimo; 

Fred  C.  Beck,  Captain  General. 

Mount  Zion  Commandery,  No.  9,  of  Mont- 
pelier. Arthur  'W.  Prescott,  Eminent  Com- 
mander; William  H.  Herrick,  Generalissimo; 

E.  J.  Foster,  Captain  General. 

Barton  Cornet  Band  of  Barton,  H.  C.  Potter, 
Leader,  23  pieces. 

Malta  Commandery,  No.  10,  of  Newport. 
H.  T.  Seaver,  Eminent  Commander;  G.  T.  Root, 
Generalissimo;  C.  R.  Storrs,  Captain  General. 

St.  Aldermar  Commandery,  No.  11,  of  Barre, 


Joe  W.  Jackson,  Eminent  Commander;  James  S. 
Wilson,  Jr..  Generalissimo;  Noble  S.  Lo\e,  Cap- 
tain General. 

OIG'TCERS  OF  THE  GRAND  COM.MAND- 
ERY — Charles  A.  Calderwoon,  R.  E.  Grand  Com- 
niander;  J.  Henry  Jackson,  E.  Grand  General- 
issimo; Horace  C.  Pierce,  E.  Grand  Captain 
General. 

FIRST  REGIMENT  PATRIARCHS  MILITANT 
I.  O.  O.  F.  OF  VERMONT. 

Col.  E.  A.  Spear,  commanding.  Lieutenant 
Colonel  W.  T.  Haigh. 

STAFF — Major  A.  E.  Spaulding,  Assistant 
Adjutant  General;  Captain  D.  V.  Stone,  Adju- 
tant; Captain  R.  J.  Stoadley,  Assistant  Surgeon; 
Major'  D.  M.  Damon,  Assistant  Inspector  Gen- 
eral: Major  W.  J.  Perkins,  Assistant  Commissary 
General;  Captain  C.  S.  Eastman,  Quartermaster; 
Captain  R.  T.  Lewis,  Aide-de-Camp. 

FIRST  BATTALION— Major  F.  W.  Jack- 
son,  Ueutenant  F.  S.  Ralston,  Adjutant. 

Canton  Vinton,  No.  9,  of  Barre.  Captain 
Alex.  Duncan,  Lieutenant  J.  A.  Lang,  Ensign 
F.  N.  Morgan. 

Canton  Hariover,  Hanover,  N.  H.  Captain 
R.  T.  Lewis,  Lieutenant  C.  A.  Nash,  Ensign  C.  C. 
Ward. 

SECOND  BATTALION  — Major  G.  H. 
Stearns,  J.  A.  Beck.  Actirag  Adjutant;  Robert 
McGillivary,  Quartermaster  Sergeant. 

Canton  Crescent,  No.  2,  of  St.  Johnsbury. 
Captarn  E.  A.  Farr,  Lieutenant  H.  J.  Beck, 
Ensign  R.  T.  Parker. 

Canton  Woodstock,  No.  12,  of  Woodstock. 
Captain  H.  S.  Perry,  Lieutenant  F.  A.  Averill, 
Ensign  E.  G.  Freeman. 


FORMER  STATE  OFFICERS  AND  LEGISLATORS  NOW  LIVING. 


8;i 


FORMER  STATE  OFFICERS  AND  LEG- 
ISLATORS NOW  LIVING. 

This  history  would  he  incomplete  without 
mentioning-  the  surviving  State  officers  who  were 
prevented  by  illness,  absence  from  the  State  or 
other  unavoidable  causes,  from  being  present  at 
the  celebration.  They  were  certainly  present  in 
spirit,  and  their  absence  in  the  body  was  gen- 
erally regretted. 

Of  fourteen  former  Governors  now  living,  the 
following  seven  were  absent:  Frederick  Holbrook, 
Brattleboro,  1S61-63;  Hon.  George  W.  Hendee, 
Morrisville,  1869-70;  Hon.  John  W.  Stewart,  Mid- 
dlebury,  1870-72;  Hon.  Carroll  S.  Page,  Hyde 
Park,  1890-92;  Plon.  U.  A.  Woodbury,  Burlington, 
1892-94;  Hon.  Josiah  Grout.  Derby,  1896-98;  Hon. 
John  G.  McCullough,  North  Bennington,  1902-04. 

Of  four  former  liieutenant -Governors  surviv- 
ing the  only  absentee  was  Hon.  Henry  C.  Bates,  of 
St.  Johnsbury,  1898-00.  This  item  does  not  in- 
clude those  who  subsi^quently  held  the  office  of 
Governor,  mentioned  elsewhere. 

Hon.  Henry  F.  Field,  of  Rutland,  State 
Treasurer,  1890-98,  was  the  only  absentee  who 
had  held  this  office. 

The  only  surviving  Secretary  of  State  not 
present  was  Hon.  George  Nichols,  of  Northfield, 
who  held  the  office  from  1864  to  1884. 

Of  thirteen  former  Speakers  of  the  House 
now  living  there  were  but  four  absent:  Hon.  Geo. 

F.  Edmunds,  1857-60;  Hon.  Augustus  P.  Hunton, 
1860-62;  Hon.  James  K.  Batchelder,  1884-86;  and 
Hon.  Hosea  Mann,  Jr.,  1890-92.  At  the  time  of 
the  celebration  Hon.  Henry  R.  Start,  Speaker  in 
1880,  was  living.  He  has  since  died. 

The  number  of  former  members  of  the  Leg- 
islature now  living  can  only  be  estimated.  The 
names  and  addresses  of  over  2,600  are  known. 
It  is  probable  that  one-third  of  this  number 
were  present  at  the  celebration.  No  registration 
of  visiting  Ex-Senators  and  Ex-Representatives 
was  made.  “The  Vermonter’’  has  obtained  by 
correspondence  the  names  and  addresses  of  near- 
ly 400  former  legislators  who  attended  the  cele- 
bration, and  the  dates  of  their  service.  The  re- 
turns received  precluded  a classification  of  mem- 
bers of  the  Senate  and  House.  A classification, 
howeA  er,  by  years  or  sessions,  is  made.  The 
initial,  or  earliest  term  of  service,  of  members  is 
given  in  nearly  every  instance. 

1856:  S.  D.  Hobson,  Brighton. 

1857:  Roswell  Buel,  Middletown  Springs. 

1858:  S.  W.  Smith,  Vengennes. 

1859;  Albert  Dwinell,  Calais. 


1862:  J.  H.  Hastings,  Waitsfield;  J.  H. 
Fh-att,  Norwich;  E.  S.  Allen,  Wilmington. 

1863:  J.  F.  Miles,  Hinesburg. 


1864:  A. 

M. 

Foster,  Cabot;  J. 

L.  Bars  tow. 

Shelburne. 

1865:  M. 

A. 

Taft,  Sutton. 

1867:  E. 

K. 

Jones,  Northfield; 

C.  M.  Rob- 

bins,  Hancock;  H.  If.  Pillsbury,  Barton;  Redfield 
Proctor.  Rutland. 

1868:  .lames  Hutchinson,  Randolph. 

1869:  R.  F.  D.  Carpenter,  Barton;  James  A. 
Coburn,  East  Montpelier;  John  Bailey,  Newbury, 

C.  H.  Joyce,  Rutland;  Hiram  Carleton,  Waits- 
field. 

1872:  L.  C.  Batchelder,  Barre;  S.  J.  Dana, 
Waitsfield;  Gilbert  A.  Davis,  Reading;  E.  J. 
Ormsbee,  Brandon;  M.  A.  Tewksbury,  Randolph; 


S.  F.  Fvary,  StralTord;  P.  H.  Graves,  Kirby; 

D.  L.  Field,  Milton;  Kittredge  Haskins,  Brattle- 
boro; L.  H.  Talcott,  Williston;  Geo.  W.  Randall, 
Waterbnr.v. 

1874:  J.  W.  Currier,  Troy;  Cloud  Harvey, 
Peacham;  Otis  N.  Kelton,  Montgomery;  A.  S. 
Martin,  Plainfield;  Chas.  B.  Parsons.  Cambridge; 

E.  Henry  Powell,  Richford;  Horace  Adams, 
Maidstone;  James  L.  Martin,  Londonderry. 

1876:  H.  P.  Cummings,  Thetford;  Wm.  H. 
DuBois,  Randolph;  Frank  M.  Page,  Groton; 
D.  D.  Fairbanks,  Newark;  Nathaniel  Townshend, 
Plainfield. 

1878:  M.  T.  Goodell,  Woodbury;  J.  H.  Jack- 
son,  Barre;  C.  G.  Peck,  Hinesburg;  B.  P.  White, 
Barre;  J.  G.  Jeinne,  Enosburg;  Geo.  Howes, 
Moretown;  S.  N.  Palmer,  Morristown;  C.  H. 
Stearns,  Johnson. 

1880:  P.  D.  Pike,  Stowe;  M.  W^  Wheelock, 
Montpelier;  Chas.  Ripley,  Poultney;  W^  P.  Smith, 
St.  Johnsbury;  C.  S.  Palmer,  Jericho;  D.  S.  Fur- 
guson,  Walden;  J.  H.  Witherell,  Bridport. 

1882:  Daniel  Sherwin,  Jamaica;  E.  M. 
Allen,  Ferrisburg;  O.  G.  Eaton,  Waitsfield;  L.  A. 
Kent,  Hardwick:  F.  M.  Plumley,  Sherburne; 

G.  W.  Randall,  Waterbury;  A.  B.  Tewksbury, 
Randolph;  Geo.  W’.  Wing,  Montpelier;  J.  V. 
Stevens,  Waterville;  J.  B.  Pirchard,  Bradford; 
R.  E.  Wilcox,  Georgia:  A.  F.  Kennedy,  Barre; 
Frank  Plumley,  Northtield;  N.  W.  Fisk.  Isle  liU 
Motte;  C.  J.  Bell,  Walden. 

1884:  Geo.  Davis,  East  Montpelier;  G.  B. 
Evans,  Waterbury;  W.  H.  Fullerton,  Manches- 
ter; Lyman  Gilbert,  Enosburg;  H.  P.  Martin, 
Marshfield;  Ii'a  C.  Calif,  Washington;  F.  D.  Hale, 
Lunenburg;  Henry  Glover,  Groton;  R.  .1.  Flint, 
Bethel;  H.  D.  Holton,  Brattleboro. 

1886:  S.  D.  Allen,  Barre;  Thomas  C.  Keyes, 
Newbury;  M.  J.  Landon,  New  Haven;  Wm.  B. 
Mayo,  Northfield;  D.  F.  Rood,  Jericho;  Wm.  B. 
Simpson,  Greensboro;  J.  A.  Perkins,  Bakersfield; 
Fred  E.  Smith,  Montpelier;  E.  H.  Martin.  Wil- 
liamstown:  Hiland  Holden.  Pittsford;  John  W, 
Brown,  Goshen;  John  Brush,  Fletcher;  Frank  H, 
Parker,  Essex;  C.  H.  Stearns,  Johnson;  Zed  S. 
Stanton,  Roxbury. 

1888:  G.  M.  Campbell,  Lyndon;  F.  W.  Davis, 
Baker.sfield;  Chas.  Dole,  Northfield;  C.  S,  Emery,. 
Chelsea;  D.  G.  Furman,  Swanton;  Wyman  Gor- 
don, Grand  Isle;  Don.  D.  Grout,  Waterbury;  Geo. 

H.  Ladd,  Middlesex;  Z.  M.  Mansur,  Newport; 
H.  H.  Moulton,  Newark;  C.  P.  Pitkin,  Montpe- 
lier; C.  S.  Skinner,  Barton;  Geo.  E.  Stebbins,. 
Sheldon;  John  B.  Thompson,  Waitsfield;  A.  L. 
Bingham,  W'illiston;  Geo.  W.  Lynde,  Williams- 
town;  H.  O.  W^'orthen,  Barre;  W.  E.  Hanks.  Bris- 
tol; S.  A.  Brownell,  Essex  Junction. 

1890:  E.  S.  f'leury.  Isle  I<a  Motte;  W^alton 
Blakely,  Pawlet;  E.  M.  Brown,  Sheldon;  A.  A. 
Byington,  Charhdte;  P.  S.  Chamberlain,  Brad- 
ford; W.  H.  Cloigston,  Norwich;  G.  W.  Davis, 
Waterbur.v;  W.  N.  Gove,  Lincoln;  J.  A.  .Tames, 
Middlebury:  Edward  Wells,  Burlington;  James 
M.  Ping,  Barre;  R.  j.  Gleason,  Waitsfield;  .1.  K. 
Darling.  Chelsea:  D.  it.  Brown,  Goshen;  F.  A, 
Thomas,  Hubbardton;  C.  W.  Brownell,  Burling- 
ton; E.  C.  Smith,  St.  Albans;  F.  D.  Proctor,  Proc- 
tor. 

1892:  Geo.  F.  I.eland,  S[)ringfield ; A.  H. 
Cheney,  Stowe:  B.  J.  Clark,  (fiiarlotte;  J.  W. 
Dillon,  Barre;  1^.  H.  Elliott,  Watei-bury;  Tjeonard 
Fish.  Ira:  A.  A.  Hall,  St.  Albans;  C.  f).  Holton, 
Newbury:  F.  G.  Howland,  Barre;  H.  A.  Jackson„ 
Waterville;  .Jos.  VV'.  Lavigne,  fkilchester;  T.  C. 


LEGISLATORS  OF  1904  PRESENT. 


:14 


McCarthy,  Fctyston;  S.  Newton,  Johnson;  Will 
C.  Peck.  Samlgate;  Juan  Robinson,  South  Hero; 
J.  C.  Weld,  Enosljurg;  Burton  Kent,  Panton; 
Blbridg-e  Perry.  Pomtret;  F.  B.  Hammond,  Troy; 
C.  E.  Corinth.  Charleston;  L.  C.  Chapin,  Jericho. 

1894:  R.  E.  Beard,  Orange;  E.  C.  Blanchard, 
Newport;  S.  K.  Burbank,  Pittsford;  A.  B.  Com- 
stock, South  Burlington ; R.  S.  Currier,  Barre; 
N.  S.  Johnson,  Williston;  C.  S.  Joslin,  Waitsfield; 
Wm.  Nathaniel,  Poultney;  J.  F.  Shipman,  Water- 
bury;  John  E.  Sinnott,  Bakersfield;  E.  R.  Wells, 
Middlesex;  C.  M.  Winslow,  Brandon;  A.  J.  Love- 
land, Dorset;  Rev.  C.  H.  Coolidge,  Newbury; 
M.  H.  Miller.  Pomfret;  Orrice  Ballard,  Georgia; 
C.  C.  Tier,  Waltham;  Wallace  Robinson,  South 
Hero;  O.  L.  Farr,  Morgan;  Dyer  Leffingwell, 
Middletown  Springs;  N.  S.  Shepardson,  Fletcher; 
C.  H.  Grout,  Townshend;  Frank  A.  Smith,  Wat- 
erbur^s  D.  G.  Hathaway,  Tinmouth;  A.  G.  Stone, 
Wallingford:  L.  W.  Ravlin,  Colchester;  C.  C. 

Bresse,  Sudbury;  Alfred  E.  Watson,  Hartford; 
W.  W.  Stickney,  Ludlow. 

1896:  H.  W,  Allen,  Burlington;  S.  N.  Allen, 
Ferrisburg;  A.  S.  Bingham,  Vergennes;  E.  E. 
Cowles.  Middlebury:  Geo.  S.  Foster.  Putney: 

F.  H.  Sibley,  Montpelier;  Allen  C.  Slade,  Spring- 
field;  F.  W.  Mason,  Barnet;  L.  D.  Tillotson, 
Washington;  B.  A.  Bowker,  Bloomfield;  A.  E. 

Tolman,  Greensboro;  F.  A.  Bragg,  Fayston;  S.  F. 
Leonard,  Pomfret;  E.  J.  Perry,  Chittenden;  Q.  A. 
Whitehill,  Ryegate;  O,  C.  Sawyer,  Sharon;  F. 
Farrington,  Walden;  H.  M.  Stone,  Swanton;  H.  R. 
Clift,  Middletown  Springs. 

1898:  J.  W^  Horrison,  Groton;  F.  W.  Hast- 
ings. Waterford;  F.  G.  Wyman,  Peru;  M.  N. 
Ayer,  Pittsford;  J.  L.  Bacon,  Hartford;  W^  E. 
Bliss,  Calais;  R.  E.  Brown,  W^illiston;  T.  A. 

Chase.  Bradford;  W.  F.  Clark,  Glover;  H.  E. 

Comings,  Richford;  Chas.  Downer,  Sharon;  Geo. 
A.  Foote,  Charlotte;  C.  W.  Gates,  Franklin;  M.  B. 
Gove,  Lincoln;  M,  S.  Hathaway,  Calais;  H.  J. 
Hyde,  Salisbury;  G.  L.  .Johnson,  Johnson;  E.  B. 
Jorden,  Jericho;  H.  W.  Ladd,  Grand  Isle;  R.  P. 
Lord,  Barre;  G.  D.  Nash,  Colchester;  H.  W. 
Nichols,  Middlesex;  A.  G.  Osgood;,  Randolph; 
H.  C.  Parker,  Elmore;  W.  V.  Phelps,  Enosbung; 

F.  W.  Pierce,  Chester;  E.  W^  Robbins,  Athens; 
C.  O.  Sheldon,  Highgate;  W.  H.  Silsby,  Newbury; 
T.  R.  Stiles,  Newbury;  Geo.  A.  Tilden,  Roxbury; 
C.  H.  Cobb,  Westford;  Dan.  H.  Orvis,  Starks- 
boro;  F.  H.  Cleveland,  Braintree;  O.  D.  Owen, 
Barton;  W.  S.  Shattuck,  Weston;  H.  E.  Wood- 
ward, Middletown  Springs;  Ezra  Kinsbury,  War- 
ren; J.  A.  Caldwell,  Topsham;  W.  R.  Rand,  New- 
fane. 

1900:  F.  W^.  Baldwin,  Barton;  H.  C.  Bruce, 
Sharon;  A.  E.  Bryant,  W^eston;  J.  E.  Crossett, 
Waterbury;  L.  Davis,  Pomfret;  J.  A.  DeBoer, 
Montpelier;  J.  H.  Donaldson,  Grand  Isle;  A,  W. 
Foote,  Middlebury;  F.  L.  Graves,  Colchester; 
C.  H.  Green.  Canaan;  J.  M.  Harwood,  Rupert; 

G.  E.  Huntington,  W^ashington;  Henry  Janes, 
Waterbury;  S.  G.  Lewis,  Barton;  E.  W.  Lyford, 
Peacham;  W’’.  T.  McLam,  Ryegate;  Prank  Mc- 
W^'horter,  Barre;  G.  E.  Moody,  Waterbury;  Dan- 
iel O’Brien,  South  Burlington;  A.  A.  Olmstead, 
Newbury;  H.  P.  Simpson,  Sheffield;  C.  F.  Smith, 
Morristown;  W^.  D.  Stewart,  Bakersfield;  .1.  C, 
Taylor,  West  W'indsor;  F.  P.  Tewksbury,  W^or- 
cester;  Homer  Thrasher,  Newport. 

1902:  .T.  E.  Allard,  Colchester;  Z.  H.  Ellis, 

Fair  Haven:  E.  A.  Fisk.  Fayston;  L.  M.  Greene, 
Bethel;  G.  B.  Hatch.  Groton;  T^.  J.  Heath,  Brad- 


ford; W.  T.  Keyes,  Roxbury:  H.  T.  Seaver,  Bar- 
ton; Geo.  Townes,  Bridport;  H.  E.  Wilcox.  Thet- 
ford;  O.  B.  Wood,  Georgia;  M.  D.  Bowker,  Lun- 
enburg; G.  B.  Place,  Jay;  E.  T.  Hoskins,  Rich- 
ford;  B.  B.  Blake,  Eden;  C.  F.  Stafford,  Claren- 
don; S.  B.  Taylor,  Windhall;  A.  M.  Benjamin, 
Woodbury;  W.  J.  Trevillian,  Hardwick;  R.  C. 
Smith,  Sandgate;  F.  J.  Nelson,  Pawlet;  J.  J. 
Dewey,  Hartford. 


LEGISLATORS  OF  J904  PRESENT. 

There  was  a large  attendance  at  the  celebra- 
tion of  the  members  of  the  Legislature  of  1904. 
Nearly  every  Senator  and  a majority  of  the  Rep- 
resentatives were  present  at  the  meeting  of  the 
Legislative  Reunion  Association.  The  list  of 
members  of  the  Senate  by  counties  is  as  follows: 
Addison,  W.  A.  Jjawrence,  John  A.  James;  Ben- 
nington, Fred  I...  Mattison,  Joseph  W.  Fowler; 
Caledonia.  L.  P.  Slack,  H.  P.  Simpson;  Chitten- 
den, C.  S.  Isham,  C.  S.  Ashley,  A.  T.  Stevens; 
Essex,  Arthur  T.  Holbrook;  Franklin,  C,  S.  Par- 
ker, C.  S.  Hawley;  Grand  Isle,  Juan  Robinson; 
Lam.oille,  F,  H.  Fullington;  Orange,  Chester 
Dickey,  H.  T.  Baldwin;  Orleans,  Geo.  H.  Prouty, 
C.  S,  Skinner;  Rutland,  H.  O.  Carpenter,  W.  H. 
Rowland,  D.  D.  Burditt;  Washington,  Wm.  A. 
Lord,  O.  G.  Eaton,  Merton  D.  Wells;  Windham, 
George  W.  Pierce,  John  H.  Ware;  Windsor,  Allen 
M.  Fletcher,  E.  .1.  Fish,  James  C.  Taylor. 

Among  Representatives  present  were:  Geo. 
Aitken,  Woodstock;  J.  Walter  Atwood,  Cornwall; 
O.  D.  Bacon,  Elmore;  E.  H.  Bailey,  Barre  Town; 
F.  H.  Bickford,  Bradford;  R.  H.  Brown,  Frank- 
lin; E.  R.  Campbell,  Rockingham;  C.  C.  Fitts, 
Brattleboro;  Geo.  A.  Smith,  Rutland;  Ira  G. 
Chase,  St.  George;  Orlando  Clark,  East  Montpe- 
lier; G.  J.  Cook,  Orange;  C.  H.  Dana,  Wood- 
bury; E.  J.  Davis,  Chester;  C.  F.  Eddy,  Stowe; 
Freeman  Farman,  Lowell;  R.  B.  Galusha,  Roy- 
alton;  Geo,  L.  Greeley,  Rochester;  John  F.  Hatch, 
Groton;  H,  L.  Hines,  Wolcott;  W.  W,  Jones, 
Hancock;  Homer  A.  Leisure,  Readsboro;  J.  L. 
Lewis,  Troy;  A.  E.  Lovejoy,  Moretown;  Michael 
Malone,  Fair  Haven;  Benj.  Manchester,  Ryegate; 

H.  M.  Maxfield,  Johnson;  S.  M.  Nutting,  West- 
minster; G.  Herbert  Pape,  Barre;  P.  H,  Patten, 
West  Rutland;  W.  M.  Phelps,  Barnet;  F.  W. 
Pieroe,  Fairlee;  W.  A.  Ricker,  St.  Johnsbury; 
F.  L.  Russell,  Shrewsbury;  Geo.  C.  Sanborn, 
Northfield;  H.  H.  Shaw,  Marlboro;  A.  AV.  Silsby, 
Newbury;  C.  H.  Stevens,  Colchester;  G.  O.  Strat- 
ton, Montpelier;  W.  H.  Taft,  AA’'altham;  W.  E. 
Tucker,  Thetford;  S.  B.  Waite,  Hyde  Park;  M.  E. 
Wilcox.  Benson;  A.  E.  Covell,  Berlin;  C.  L. 
Gates,  Morristown;  D.  G.  K.  Hunt,  Worcester; 
W.  E.  Granger,  AVilliamstown ; Geo.  E.  Sanders, 
Calais;  Edw.  Miller,  Barnard;  Linus  Leavens, 
Cambridge;  AA’^m.  A.  Lee,  Lincoln;  AAA  L.  Park, 
Lyndon;  G.  C.  Granfield,  Fayston;  J.  H.  Trum- 
bull, Pawlet;  Harry  M.  Fay,  Williston;  Reuben 
Bentley,  Sandgate;  H.  K.  Darling,  Chelsea;  D.  L, 
Hilliard,  Cabot;  G.  AA^.  Davis,  Duxbury;  G,  C. 
Granfield.  Fayston;  S.  E.  Dwinell,  Marshfield; 
H.  W.  Nichols,  Middlesex;  D.  J.  O’Sullivan,  St. 
Albans  City;  G.  O.  Stratton,  Montpelier;  Fred 
Perrin,  Plainfield;  G.  A.  Tilden,  Roxbury;  Guy 
H.  Start,  Bakersfield;  G.  H.  Newcomb,  AVaits- 
field;  Plyna  Parker.  AA’arren;  J.  F.  Shipman, 
AVaterbury;  C.  H.  Dana,  AA^orcester;  V.  A.  Bul- 
lard, Burlington. 


PRESENT  AND  FORMER  STATE  OFFICERS  AT  THE  CELEBRATION.  35 


EDWARD  C.  SMITH, 
GOVERNOR  iSgS-igoo. 


ZOPHAR  M.  MANSUR 
EIEU'J  -GOV.  1 804  96- 


NELSON  W,  FISK, 
LIEUT-GOV.  i3o6-o8. 


MARTIN  F.  ALLEN, 
I.IEUT-GOV.  I0GO  O2. 


ZED  S.  STANTON, 
LIEUT-GOV.  1002-04 


JAMES  L.  MARTIN, 
SPEAKER  1878-84. 


KITTREDGE  HASKINS. 
SI’EAKER  i8o8-0(;. 


FLErcHER  D.  PROCTOR, 
SPE.AKER  1000-2. 


WILLIAM  H.  DU  DOIS, 
STATE  'I  REASURER  1882-00. 


36  PRESENT  AND  FORMER  STATE  OFFICERS  AT  THE  CELEBRATION 


E.  HEXKY  POWELL, 
STATE  AUDITOR,  1878-92. 


CHAUXCEY  W.  BROWNELL. 
SECRETARY  OF  STATE,  1890-98. 


FRED  A.  HOWLAND, 
SECRETARY  OF  STATE,  1898-02. 


IF  THIS 
CENTENNIAL 
NUMBER  OF 


Uermonter 


Pleases  You,  then  Your  Name 
Should  be  sent  with  One  Dollar 
FOR  A Year’s  Subscription.  :::::: 
If  Sen'i'  Before  December  i.  You 
Will  Receive  the  CHRISTMAS 
NUMBER  FREE.  : : : : : address 

C.  $.  Torbes,  Pub.,  $t.  flibans,  Uf. 


It  is  too  late 

to  think  of  insurance  when 
the  house  is  in  flames.  H 
The  time  to  consider  it  is 
all  the  time  previous  to  this 
We  can  help  you  reach 
a decision  as  to  the  amount 

INSU RANGE  I 

to  be  placed  on  business 
premises,  stock,  residence, 
furniture,  etc.  The  best 
Companies  and  the  1 t 
LOWEST  RATES 

I Joseph  Q.  Brown,  I 

Montpelier,  Vt.  | 

I 


I 


Opera  House  Block, 
Tel.  109-3 


► TO  COLLECTORS  OF  ◄ 

gSoavepir  Postal  C^rds! 

E have  handsome  Colored  Postal  Cards  of  the^ 
^ Vermont  and  other  State  Capitol  buildings,^ 

r and  various  Vermont  vie-ws;  Lake  George,  J 

r Adirondack  and  White  Mountain  scenes,  as  well  as^ 
r the  principal  cities  and  points  of  interest  in  the  United^ 
^States  and  Europe,  comprising  several  thousand  kinds  ^ 

^ Price  30c.  per  doz.,or  $2.00  per  100.  Postpaid. 

► A large  line  colored  Comic  Cards  same  price. 

^ Collectors  ordering  by  mail  will  please  state  as^ 
Pclearly  as  possible  what  is  wanted,  and  we  will  en-^ 
Pdeavor  to  fill  their  orders  in  a satisfactory  manner,^ 
^exchanging  any  not  wanted  if  postage  is  sent.  ^ 

Also  have  Postal  Card  Albums  fromlSc.  to  $4.00  each,  ^ 
holding  from  25  to  1,000  cards.  ^ 

Handsome  Illuminated  Xmas  and  New  Year’s  Postal  ^ 
Cards  5c*  each  or  50c.  a dozen.  ^ 

We  have  just  published  some  40  or  more  Postal^ 
►Cards  of  the  State  House  and  principal  buildings,^ 
►stores,  etc.,  showing  same  as  decorated  for  Centennial  4 
►Celebration,  Montpelier,  Vt.,  Oct.  4,  1905;  also  .several^ 
►views  of  the  procession,  M 

^ Price  3c.  each  or  2 for  5c;  20c.  per  doz.  ^ 

^ As  a special  offer  we  will  send  a set  of  10  cards ^ 
►postpaid,  all  different,  for  55G.  in  stamps.  ^ 

► We  have  a very  handsome  view  of  the  State  Cap-^ 
►itol  building,  showing  it  as  decorated  for  Centennial^ 
►Celebration,  on  a nice  finished  coated  thin  paper,  suit-^ 
►able  for  pasting  on  mount  board  to  frame;  also  on  a^ 
►heavy  high  finished  board.  Size  of  picture  about^ 

N qV2  on  a card  10  x 12.  Price  on  paper  5c.  if  in  4 

► tube  to  protect  same,  add  3c.)  Price  on  heav^y  high^ 
►finished  board  loc.  postpaid.  Address  plainly. 

^BU5WELL'S  BOOK  STORE  | 

^ 52  5t.,  A^ontpclier,  Verrnont.  ^ 

^AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAkAAA^ 


You  will  confer  a favor  if  you  mention  “The  Vermonter"  when  you  write  to  advertisers. 


THE  VERMONTEK— ADVEUTISEMENTS. 


37 


FOR  THE  MANUFACTURE  OF  LUMBER 

Rapidly,  Economically,  and  Profitably,tlie 

tm  Circular  Saw  mill 


IS  WITHOUT  AN  EQUAE. 


No.  1 IRON  FRAME  RIGHT  HAND  MILL. 


rURNISHED  in  ten  sizes,  right  or  left  hand,  single  or  double,  for  logs  of  any  length, 
capacity  from  3,000  ft.  up  in  ten  hours.  The  Circular  is  our  Specialty,  and  we  take 
! pride  in  the  quality  and  efficiency  of  the  machines  we  turn  out.  They’re  money-makers. 

; We  also  iTanufacture  Saw  Mill  Carriages,  Set- Works,  Dogs  and  other  attachments.  Feed 
I Works,  both  Steam  and  Friction,  Offsets,  Wood’s  Automatic,  Air  Buffers  or  “Cushions,” 
Log  Jackers,  Log  Car  Trucks,  Log  Rolls,  both  Live  and  Dead,  Log  Cutting-Off  Machines, 
Log  Unloaders,  Stops  and  Loaders,  Log  Canters  and  Niggers,  Lumber  Rolls,  both  Live  and 
Dead,  Lumber  Transfers,  (Chain,  etc.),  Lumber  Car  Trucks,  Lumber  and  Timber  Edgers, 
j I Lumber  C-O  Machines,  Trimmers,  Slashers,  etc..  Planers,  Matchers  and  Jointers,  Lath 
Machines  and  Bolters,  Lath  Binders  and  Trimmers,  Shingle  and  Heading  Machinery,  Clap- 
board Machinery,  Universal  Sawing  and  Jointing  Machines,  Belt  Tighteners,  Swing  and 
! Slide,  Water  Wheels,  Monitor  Turbine,  Power  Transmission  and  Conveyor  Machinery. 


Anderson’s  Patent  Traveling  Cranes.  Boom  Derricks  up  to  100  Tons  Capacity. 

DERRICK  TURNING  GEARS,  STEAM  OR  AIR. 


Special  Machines  and  devices,  and  we  do  Job  and  Repair  Work  in  the  best  possible  man- 
ner. We  also  deal  in  Steam,  Electric  and  Air  Machinery,  and  Mill  supplies. 


' 1 We  Shall  be  Pleased  to  Send  You  our  New  Catalogues. 

j Lane  Manufacturing  Co.,  '"veST 


You  will  confer  a favor  if  you  mention  “The  Vermonter”  when  you  write  to  advertisers. 


38 


THE  VEHMONTEli— ADVERTISEMENTS. 


1 VERMONT-- 

f\utual  Fire  losuraoce  (o., 

MONTPELIER,  VERMONT. 

PRESENT  BUILDING  WAS  ERECTED  IN  1869. 

CARRYING  INSURANCE  FCR 
FORTY-THREE  THOUS- 
AND VERMONTERS. 

Amount  Insured  : 

1 $70»264i493-oo 

1 ® 

1 

' Capital  and  Assets  : 

$5,998,905,00 

HAS  LOCAL  AGENT  IN 
, EVERY  TOWN. 

C.  H. 

CROSS  & SON, 

101  Main  St., 

MONTPELIER,  VT. 


The  inception  of  the  Montpelier 
Crackers  is  not  quite  a century 
old  but  it  is  over  three-quarters  of  a 
century,  and  we  are  still  making  the 
same  cracker,  only  better  every  day. 


G.  H. 

CROSS  & SON, 

101  Main  St., 

MONTPELIER,  VT 


C.  H. 

CROSS  & SON, 

101  Main  St., 

MONTPELIER,  VT. 


is  known  all  over  the  State  and  by  all  Ver- 
monters who  live  in  other  States  as  being 
what  we  advertise  “TH E BEST  IN  THE 
WORLD.”  No  table  is  complete  with- 
out them. 

WE  MANUFACTURE  A LARGE  LINE  OF  FINE 
CONFECTIONERY  AND  HANDLE  A GREAT  MANY 
CIGARS  AND  NUTS. 


C.  H. 

CROSS  & SON, 

101  Main  St., 

MONTPELIER,  VT. 


You  wil!  confer  a favor  if  you  mention  ‘‘The  Vermonter”  when  you  write  to  advertisers. 


THE  VERMONTEH— ADVEirnSEMEXTS 


JAMES  W.  BROCK,  PRESIDENT. 

HERBERT  F.  BRIGHAM,  VICE-PRESIDENT. 
HARLAN  W.  KEMP,  SECRETARY 

RALPH  B.  DENNY,  ASS*T  SECRETARY 


XHnion  flibutual 
3fire 

gflnsurance  (rompan>2v! 

flDontpcUcr,  IPermont. 


I jliiierican  fidelity 

Company 


I 


MONTPELIER,  VT. 


OFFICERS  : 

TAMES  W.  BROCK. 

Pre.^^ident 

EDWARD  WELLS. 
FRED  A.  HOWLAND, 
Vice  Presidents 
HARLAN  W.  KEMP, 

Secretary 

RALPH  B.  DENNY, 

T reasurer 


W 


Capital,  $ 250,000.00 

SURETY  BONDS, 

EIABIEITY  INSURANCE, 

ACCIDENT  INSURANCE, 

BURGEARY  INSURANCE 


You  wiil  confer  a favor  If  you  mention  ‘‘The  Vermonter”  when  you  write  to  advertisers. 


J 


m ftHNUfIL  STATCnEliT  OE  THE 

national  Cite  Insurance 

eompany,  [ rnmnal  | ^cntlOttt 


January  1,  1905, 


CASH  INCOME. 

Premiums,  " ' “ " QQQ’Jgsis 

iQterest  and  Rents,  - - 1,383,088.38 

Considerations  tor  Annuities,  414,742.u.i 


TOTAL, 


$ 6,895,013.54  TOTAL, 


DISBURSEMENTS. 

Death  Claims,  - - - - $1,115,833.78 

Dividends  and  Annuities,  - - 320,959.01 

Endowments  and  Surrender  Val’s,  993,295.92 
Expenses,  Taxes,  Commissions 

and  Premium  on  Bonds,  - 1,532,328.95 

Income  Saved, 2,932,595.88 

- - • - $6,895,013.54 


ASSETS. 

U.  S.  state  and  Munic’l  Bonds,  $11,447,295.00 


Mortgages,  First  Liens,  - 
Policy  Loans  and  Premium 
I*4ot©s  — " " * 

Real  Estate,  Book  Value, 

Stocks,  - - - - 

Loans  on  Collateral, 

Cash,  in  Banks  and  Oflace, 

Interest  and  Rents  due  and 

Deferred  and  Unreported  Prems.,  640,878.70 

1.271.53 


12,153,742.02 

4,198,627.42 

1,215,479.08 

380,586.00 

16,500.00 

819,998.41 

524,078.51 


LIABILITIES. 

Insurance  Reserves,  - ■ $25,599,592.69 

Annuity  Reserves,  • • 1,773,904.17 

Extra  Reserves,  - - ■ 282,705.31 

Trust  Fund  Reserves,  - - 68,610.99 

Death  Claims  under  adjustment,  27,192.69 

Liabilities,  - - - - 188,371.92 


SURPLUS, 


Duo  from  Agents, 

TOTAL,  - 


$31,398,453.67  TOTAL, 


$3,458  075.90 


- $31,398,453.67 


j 

THE  YEAR  1904  SHOWS:  \ 


Increase  In  Insurance,  - - - 

Increase  In  Assets,  . - ■ • 

Increase  In  Income,  - - - - 

Increase  In  Payments  to  Policy-holders, 
Increase  In  Surplus,  - - - - 

Insurance  Issued,  . - - • 

Insurance  In  Force,  - - - - 


$ 9,068,776 
3,034,656 
4 14,550 
372,283 
529,766 
23,961,694 
134,761,554 


OFFICERS 

JOSEPH  A.  DE  BOER,  - President 
JAMES  T.  PHELPS,  - Vice-President 
JAMES  B.  ESTEE,  - 2d  Vice  President 
OSMAN  D.  CLARK.  - Secretary 

HARRY  M.  CUTLER,  - Treasurer 
A.  B.  BISBEE,  M.  D.,  Medical  Director 
CLARENCE  E.  MOULTON,  - Actuary 
FRED  A.  HOWLAND,  - - Counsel 


DIRFCXOR9 


Wm.  P.  Dillingham. 

W.  Seward  Webb. 
Joseph  A.  De  Boer. 
John  G.  McCullough. 
Harrt  M.  Cutler. 
James  B.  Estee. 

George 


W.  W.  Sticknet. 
Charles  Dewev, 
Fred  E.  Smith, 
DUDLEY  C.  Dennison 
James  T.  Phelps. 
George  Briggs. 

L Benedict. 


S.  S.  Ballard,  Gen’l  Agt.,  Montpelier. 

T.  S.  Peck,  Gen’l  Agt.,  Burlington. 

W.  W.  Sprague,  Gen’l  Agt.,  St.  Johnsbury. 


B.  S.  Kinsley,  Gen’l  Agt.,  Rutland. 

R.  W.  Hulburd,  Gen’l  Agt.,  Hyde  Park. 

H.  E.  Taylor  & Son,  Gen’i  Agts.,  Brattleboro. 


3 0112  049401695 


